Paul McCartney's quote

 

 

Sir James Paul McCartney, MBE, Hon RAM, FRCM (born 18 June 1942), is an English musician, singer, songwriter and composer. With John Lennon, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, he gained worldwide fame as a member of the Beatles, and his collaboration with Lennon is one of the most celebrated songwriting partnerships of the 20th century. After the group's break-up, he pursued a solo career, forming the band Wings with his first wife, Linda, and singer-songwriter Denny Laine.

Guinness World Records described McCartney as the "most successful composer and recording artist of all time", with 60 gold discs and sales of over 100 million albums and 100 million singles, and as the "most successful songwriter" in United Kingdom chart history. More than 2,200 artists have covered his Beatles song "Yesterday", more than any other song in history. Wings' 1977 release "Mull of Kintyre", is one of the all-time best-selling singles in the UK. McCartney has written or co-written 32 songs that have reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100, and as of 2012 he has sold over 15.5 million RIAA-certified units in the United States.

McCartney has released an extensive catalogue of songs as a solo artist and has composed classical and electronic music. He has taken part in projects to promote international charities related to such subjects as animal rights, seal hunting, landmines, vegetarianism, poverty and music education. McCartney has married three times, and is the father of five children.

Contents 1 Childhood 2 Musical career 2.1 1957–1960: The Quarrymen 2.2 1960–1970: The Beatles 2.3 1970–1981: Wings 2.4 1982–1990 2.5 1991–2000 2.6 2001–present 3 Musicianship 3.1 Bass guitar 3.2 Acoustic guitar 3.3 Electric guitar 3.4 Vocals 3.5 Keyboards 3.6 Drums 3.7 Tape loops 3.8 Early influences 4 Creative outlets 5 Lifestyle 5.1 Drugs 5.2 Vegetarianism and activism 5.3 Meditation 5.4 Football 6 Personal relationships 6.1 Girlfriends 6.1.1 Dot Rhone 6.1.2 Jane Asher 6.2 Wives 6.2.1 Linda Eastman 6.2.2 Heather Mills 6.2.3 Nancy Shevell 6.3 Beatles 6.3.1 John Lennon 6.3.1.1 Reaction to Lennon's murder 6.3.2 George Harrison 6.3.3 Ringo Starr 7 Recognition 7.1 Achievements 7.1.1 Awards 8 Discography 9 Tours 10 Notes 11 Citations 12 Sources 13 Further reading 14 External links

Childhood

Main article: Jim and Mary McCartney

McCartney was born on 18 June 1942, in Walton Hospital, Liverpool, England, where his mother, Mary (née Mohin), had qualified to practise as a nurse. His father, James ("Jim") McCartney, was absent from his son's birth due to his work as a volunteer firefighter during World War II. Paul has one younger brother, Michael (born 7 January 1944). Though baptised in their mother's Roman Catholic faith, Jim, a Protestant turned agnostic, felt Catholic schools sacrificed the education of their students for the sake of their religious teachings, so they did not emphasise religion in the household.

McCartney attended Stockton Wood Road Primary School from 1947 until 1949, when he transferred to Joseph Williams Junior School due to overcrowding at Stockton. In 1953 he passed the 11-plus exam, with only three others out of ninety examinees, gaining admission to the Liverpool Institute. In 1954, he met schoolmate George Harrison on the bus to the Institute from his suburban home in Speke. Harrison had also passed the exam, meaning he could attend a grammar school rather than a secondary modern school, where most pupils went until becoming eligible to work. The two quickly became friends; McCartney later admitted: "I tended to talk down to him, because he was a year younger."

McCartney's former home, 20 Forthlin Road

Mary was the family's primary wage earner, and her income as a midwife allowed the family to move into 20 Forthlin Road in Allerton, where they lived until 1964. She rode a bicycle to her patients; McCartney described an early memory of her leaving at "about three in the morning streets ... thick with snow". On 31 October 1956, when McCartney was fourteen, his mother died of an embolism. McCartney's loss later became a point of connection with John Lennon, whose mother, Julia, had died when he was seventeen.

McCartney's father was a trumpet player and pianist who led Jim Mac's Jazz Band in the 1920s. He kept an upright piano in the front room, and he encouraged his sons to be musical. He gave McCartney a nickel-plated trumpet for his fourteenth birthday, but when rock and roll became popular on Radio Luxembourg, he traded it for a £15 Framus Zenith (model 17) acoustic guitar, rationalising that it would be difficult to sing while playing a trumpet. He found it difficult to play guitar right-handed, but after noticing a poster advertising a Slim Whitman concert and realising that Whitman also played left-handed, he reversed the order of the strings. McCartney wrote his first song, "I Lost My Little Girl", on the Zenith, and composed another early tune that would become "When I'm Sixty-Four" on the piano. Against his father's advice, he took few piano lessons, preferring to learn by ear. Heavily influenced by American rhythm and blues music, Little Richard was his schoolboy idol. "Long Tall Sally" was the first song McCartney performed in public, at a Butlins holiday camp talent competition.

Musical career

Main article: Paul McCartney's musical career

1957–1960: The Quarrymen

Main article: The Quarrymen

At the age of fifteen, McCartney met Lennon and his band, the Quarrymen, at the St Peter's Church Hall fête in Woolton on 6 July 1957. The Quarrymen played a mix of rock and roll and skiffle, a type of popular music with jazz, blues and folk influences. The band invited McCartney to join soon afterwards as a rhythm guitarist, and he formed a close working relationship with Lennon. Harrison joined in 1958 as lead guitarist, followed by Lennon's art school friend Stuart Sutcliffe on bass, in 1960. By May 1960 the band had tried several names, including Beatals, Johnny and the Moondogs and the Silver Beetles. They adopted the name the Beatles in August 1960, and recruited drummer Pete Best shortly before a five-engagement residency in Hamburg.

1960–1970: The Beatles

Main article: The Beatles

McCartney (second from left) with Lennon, Harrison and Starr, 1964

In 1960, the Beatles were informally represented by Allan Williams. His first booking for them was a series of performances in Hamburg. In 1961, Sutcliffe left the band and McCartney reluctantly became their bass player. The Beatles recorded professionally for the first time in Hamburg, performing as the backing band for English singer Tony Sheridan on the single "My Bonnie". They were credited as the Beat Brothers. This brought them to the attention of Brian Epstein, a key figure in their subsequent development and success. He became their manager in January 1962.Ringo Starr replaced Best in August, and the band had their first hit, "Love Me Do", in October, becoming popular in the UK in 1963, and in the US a year later. Their fans' hysteria became known as "Beatlemania", and McCartney was sometimes referred to by the press as the "cute Beatle".

In 1965, the Beatles released the McCartney composition "Yesterday", featuring a string quartet. Included on the Help! LP, the song was the group's first recorded use of classical music elements and their first recording that involved only a single band member. "Yesterday" became the most covered song in popular music history. Later that year, during recording sessions for the album Rubber Soul, McCartney began to supplant Lennon as the dominant musical force in the band. Musicologist Ian MacDonald wrote, "from  ... would be in the ascendant not only as a songwriter, but also as instrumentalist, arranger, producer, and de facto musical director". Critics described Rubber Soul as a significant advance in the refinement and profundity of the band's music and lyrics. The song "In My Life", for which both Lennon and McCartney claimed lead authorship, is considered a high point in the Beatles catalogue. McCartney said of the album, "we'd had our cute period, and now it was time to expand." Recording engineer Norman Smith stated that the Rubber Soul sessions exposed indications of increasing contention within the band: "the clash between John and Paul was becoming obvious ... as far as Paul was concerned, George could do no right—Paul was absolutely finicky."

In 1966, the Beatles released the album Revolver. Featuring sophisticated lyrics, studio experimentation and an expanded repertoire of musical genres ranging from innovative string arrangements to psychedelic rock, the album marked an artistic leap for the Beatles. The LP's release was preceded by the single "Paperback Writer", the first of three consecutive McCartney A-sides. The Beatles produced a short promotional film for the song, and another for its B-side, "Rain". The films, described by Harrison as "the forerunner of videos", aired on The Ed Sullivan Show and Top of the Pops in June 1966.Revolver also included McCartney's "Eleanor Rigby", which featured a string octet. According to Gould, the song is "a neoclassical tour de force ... a true hybrid, conforming to no recognizable style or genre of song". With the exception of some backing vocals, the song included only McCartney's lead vocal and the strings arranged by producer George Martin.

The Beatles gave their final commercial concert at the end of their 1966 US tour. Later that year, McCartney was commissioned for what would be his first musical project apart from the group—a film score for the UK production The Family Way. The score was a collaboration with Martin, who used two McCartney themes to write thirteen variations. The soundtrack failed to chart, but it won McCartney an Ivor Novello Award for Best Instrumental Theme.

Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, "the most famous cover of any music album", wrote Beatles biographer Bill Harry.

Upon the end of the band's performing career, McCartney sensed unease in the band and wanted them to maintain creative productivity. He pressed them to start a new project, which became Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, widely regarded as rock's first concept album. McCartney was inspired to create a new persona for the group, to serve as a vehicle for experimentation and to demonstrate to their fans that the band had musically matured. As McCartney explained, "We were fed up with being the Beatles. We really hated that fucking four little mop-top approach. We were not boys, we were men ... and thought of ourselves as artists rather than just performers."

Starting in November 1966, the band adopted an experimental attitude during recording sessions for the album. According to engineer Geoff Emerick, "the Beatles were looking to go out on a limb, both musically and sonically ... we were utilising a lot of tape varispeeding and other manipulation techniques ... limiters and ... effects like flanging and ADT." Their recording of "A Day in the Life" required a forty-piece orchestra, which Martin and McCartney took turns conducting. The sessions produced the double A-side single "Strawberry Fields Forever"/"Penny Lane" in February 1967, and the LP followed in June. McCartney's "She's Leaving Home" was an orchestral pop song. MacDonald described the track as " the finest work on Sgt. Pepper — imperishable popular art of its time." The cover was based on an ink drawing by McCartney, which depicted all four Beatles standing in front of a wall featuring framed images of their heroes.

"After Brian died ... Paul took over and supposedly led us you know ... we went round in circles ... We broke up then. That was the disintegration. I thought, 'we've fuckin' had it.'" —John Lennon, Rolling Stone magazine, 1970

Epstein's death in August 1967 created a void, and the group was left perplexed and concerned about their future. McCartney, stepping in to fill that void, gradually became the de facto leader and business manager of the group Lennon had once led. His first creative suggestion after this change of leadership was to propose that the band move forward on their plans to produce a film for television, which was to become Magical Mystery Tour. The project was "an administrative nightmare throughout", according to Beatles' historian Mark Lewisohn. McCartney largely directed the film, which brought the group their first unfavourable critical response. The film's soundtrack was more successful. Released in the UK as a six-track double extended play disc (EP), the material was issued as an identically titled LP in the US, filled out with five of the band's recent singles. The only Capitol compilation later included in the group's official canon of studio albums, the Magical Mystery Tour LP achieved $8 million in sales within three weeks of the release, higher initial sales than any other Capitol LP up to that point.

In January 1968, the band were filmed for a promotional trailer to advertise the animated film Yellow Submarine, which was loosely based on the imaginary world evoked by McCartney's 1966 composition. Though the film was generally admired by critics for its visual style, humour and music, the soundtrack album issued seven months later received a less enthusiastic response. By late 1968, relations within the band were deteriorating. The tension grew while recording The Beatles, commonly known as The White Album. Matters worsened the following year during the Let It Be sessions, when McCartney was filmed lecturing the group: "We've been very negative since Mr. Epstein passed away ... we were always fighting discipline a bit, but it's silly to fight that discipline if it's our own".

In March 1969, McCartney married Linda Eastman, and in August, the couple had their first child, Mary, named after his late mother. For Abbey Road, the band's last recorded album, Martin suggested "a continuously moving piece of music"; urging the group to think symphonically. McCartney agreed, but Lennon did not. They eventually compromised, agreeing to McCartney's suggestion, an LP featuring individual songs on side one, and a long medley on side 2.

By 1970, in the midst of business disagreements, McCartney was pitted against his bandmates, leading him to announce his exit on 10 April. He filed suit for the band's formal dissolution on 31 December 1970. More legal disputes followed, as McCartney's attorneys, his in-laws John and Lee Eastman, fought Lennon, Harrison and Starr's business manager, Allen Klein, over royalties and creative control. The Beatles were legally dissolved in an English court on 9 January 1975, though sporadic lawsuits against their record company EMI, Klein and each other persisted until 1989.

1970–1981: Wings

Main article: Wings (band)

"I didn't really want to keep going as a solo artist ... so it became obvious that I had to get a band together ... Linda and I talked it through and it was like, 'Yeah, but let's not put together a supergroup, let's go back to square one.'" —McCartney

After the Beatles' break-up in 1970, McCartney continued his musical career with his first solo release, McCartney, a US number-one album. Apart from some vocal contributions from Linda, McCartney is a one-man album, with Paul providing compositions, instrumentation and vocals. In 1971, he collaborated with Linda and drummer Denny Seiwell on a second album, Ram. A UK number one and a US top five, Ram included the co-written US number-one hit single "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey". Later that year, the McCartneys and Seiwell were joined by ex-Moody Blues guitarist Denny Laine to form the group Wings. McCartney had this to say on the band's formation: "Wings was always a difficult idea ... any group having to follow success would have a hard job ... I found myself in that very position. However, it was a choice between going on or finishing, and I loved music too much to think of stopping." In September 1971, the McCartneys had a second child, named in honour of Linda's grandmothers, who were both named Stella.

Following the addition of guitarist Henry McCullough, Wings' first concert tour began in 1972 with a début performance in front of an audience of seven hundred at the University of Nottingham. Ten more dates followed as they travelled across the UK in a van during an unannounced tour of universities, during which the band stayed in modest accommodation and received pay in coinage collected from students, while avoiding Beatles songs during their performances. A seven-week, 25-show tour of Europe followed, during which the band played solely Wings and McCartney solo material with the exception of a few covers, including the Little Richard hit "Long Tall Sally", the only song McCartney played during the tour that had previously been recorded by the Beatles. McCartney wanted the tour to avoid large venues; most of the small halls they played had capacities of fewer than 3,000 people. Of his first two post-Beatles tours, McCartney said, "The main thing I didn't want was to come on stage, faced with the whole torment of five rows of press people with little pads, all looking at me and saying, 'Oh well, he is not as good as he was.' So we decided to go out on that university tour which made me less nervous ... by the end of that tour I felt ready for something else, so we went into Europe."

In March 1973, Wings achieved their first US number-one single, "My Love", included on their second LP, Red Rose Speedway, a US number one and UK top five. Paul's collaboration with Linda and former Beatles producer Martin resulted in the song "Live and Let Die", which was the theme song for the James Bond film of the same name. The song reached number two in the US and number nine in the UK, and was nominated for an Academy Award. It also earned Martin a Grammy for his orchestral arrangement. Music professor and author Vincent Benitez described the track as "symphonic rock at its best".

After the departure of McCullough and Seiwell in 1973, the McCartneys and Laine recorded Band on the Run. The album was the first of seven platinum Wings LPs. It was a US and UK number one, the band's first to top the charts in both countries and the first ever to reach Billboard magazine's charts on three separate occasions. One of the best-selling releases of the decade, it remained on the UK charts for 124 weeks. Rolling Stone named it Album of the Year for 1974, and in 1975 it won Grammy Awards for Best Contemporary/Pop Vocal and Best Engineered Album. In 1974, Wings achieved a second US number-one single with the title track. The album also included the top-ten hits "Jet" and "Helen Wheels", and earned the 413th spot on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.

McCartney during a Wings concert, 1976

Wings followed Band on the Run with the chart-topping albums Venus and Mars (1975) and Wings at the Speed of Sound (1976). In 1975, they began the fourteen-month Wings Over the World Tour, which included stops in the UK, Australia, Europe and the US. The tour marked the first time McCartney performed Beatles songs live with Wings, with five in the two-hour set list: "I've Just Seen a Face", "Yesterday", "Blackbird", "Lady Madonna" and "The Long and Winding Road". Following the second European leg of the tour and extensive rehearsals in London, the group undertook an ambitious US arena tour that yielded the US number-one live triple LP Wings over America.

In September 1977, the McCartneys had a third child, a son they named James. In November, the Wings song "Mull of Kintyre", co-written with Laine, was quickly becoming one of the best-selling singles in UK chart history. The most successful single of McCartney's solo career, achieving double the sales of previous record holder "She Loves You", the track went on to sell 2.5 million copies and hold the UK sales record until it was displaced in 1984 by the charity single "Do They Know It's Christmas?".

London Town (1978) spawned a US number-one single ("With a Little Luck"), and was Wings' best-selling LP since Band on the Run, making the top five in both the US and the UK. Critical reception was unfavourable, and McCartney expressed disappointment with the album.Back to the Egg (1979) featured McCartney's collaboration with a rock supergroup dubbed "the Rockestra". Though the album was credited to Wings, the band included Pete Townshend, David Gilmour, Gary Brooker, John Paul Jones and John Bonham. Back to the Egg was certified platinum but critically panned. Wings completed their final concert tour in 1979, with twenty shows in the UK that included the live début of the Beatles songs "Got to Get You into My Life", "The Fool on the Hill" and "Let it Be".

In 1980, McCartney released his second solo LP, the self-produced McCartney II, which peaked at number one in the UK and number three in the US. As with his first album, he composed and performed it alone. The album contained the song "Coming Up", the live version of which, recorded in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1979 by Wings, became the group's last number-one hit. By 1981, McCartney felt he had accomplished all he could creatively with Wings and decided he needed a change. The group disbanded in April 1981 following disagreements over royalties and salaries.

1982–1990

In 1982 McCartney collaborated with Stevie Wonder on the Martin-produced number-one hit "Ebony and Ivory", included on McCartney's Tug of War LP, and with Michael Jackson on "The Girl Is Mine" from Thriller. The following year, he and Jackson worked on "Say Say Say", McCartney's most recent US number one as of 2012. McCartney earned his latest UK number one as of 2012 with the title track of his LP release that year, "Pipes of Peace".

In 1984, McCartney starred in Give My Regards to Broad Street, a feature film he also wrote and produced. A musical that included Starr in an acting role, it was disparaged by critics. Variety described the film as "characterless, bloodless, and pointless".Roger Ebert awarded it a single star and wrote, "you can safely skip the movie and proceed directly to the soundtrack". The album fared much better, reaching number one in the UK and producing the US top-ten hit single "No More Lonely Nights", featuring David Gilmour on lead guitar. In 1985, McCartney was commissioned to write a song for the comedic feature film Spies Like Us. He composed and recorded the title track in four days, with Phil Ramone co-producing. McCartney participated in Live Aid, performing "Let it Be", though technical difficulties meant his vocals were barely audible for the first two verses, and his piano, though audible, was punctuated by squeals of feedback. The problems were resolved by the end of the song and McCartney was joined on stage by David Bowie, Alison Moyet, Pete Townshend and Bob Geldof, receiving an enthusiastic crowd reaction.

McCartney collaborated with Eric Stewart on Press to Play (1986), with Stewart co-writing more than half the songs on the LP. In 1988, McCartney released Снова в СССР, released only in the Soviet Union, which contained eighteen covers; recorded over the course of two days. In 1989, he joined forces with fellow Merseysiders Gerry Marsden and Holly Johnson to record an updated version of "Ferry Cross the Mersey", for the Hillsborough disaster appeal fund. That same year, he released Flowers in the Dirt; a collaborative effort with Elvis Costello that included musical contributions from Gilmour and Nicky Hopkins. McCartney then formed a band consisting of himself and Linda, with Hamish Stuart and Robbie McIntosh on guitars, Paul "Wix" Wickens on keyboards and Chris Whitten on drums. In September 1989, they launched the Paul McCartney World Tour, his first in over a decade. The following year, he released the triple album, Tripping the Live Fantastic, which contained select performances from the tour. In 1990, the US publication Amusement Business presented McCartney with an award for the highest grossing show of the year; his two performances at Berkeley earned over $3.5 million. He performed for the largest paying stadium audience in history on 21 April 1990, when 184,000 people attended his concert at Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

1991–2000

McCartney ventured into orchestral music in 1991, when the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Society commissioned a musical piece by him to celebrate its sesquicentennial. He collaborated with composer Carl Davis to produce Liverpool Oratorio. The performance featured opera singers Kiri Te Kanawa, Sally Burgess, Jerry Hadley and Willard White, with the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra and the choir of Liverpool Cathedral. Reviews were generally negative. The Guardian was especially critical, describing the music as "afraid of anything approaching a fast tempo", and adding that the piece has "little awareness of the need for recurrent ideas that will bind the work into a whole". The paper published a letter McCartney submitted in response in which he stated, "happily, history shows that many good pieces of music were not liked by the critics of the time so I am content to ... let people judge for themselves the merits of the work."The New York Times was slightly more generous, stating, "There are moments of beauty and pleasure in this dramatic miscellany ... he music's innocent sincerity makes it difficult to be put off by its ambitions". After its premiere in London, the Liverpool Oratorio was performed around the world. It reached number one on the UK classical chart, Music Week.

In 1991, McCartney performed a selection of acoustic-only songs on MTV Unplugged and released a live album of the performance entitled Unplugged (The Official Bootleg). During the 1990s, McCartney collaborated twice with Youth of Killing Joke as the musical duo "the Fireman". The two released their first electronica album together, Strawberries Oceans Ships Forest, in 1993. The rock album Off the Ground was also released in 1993. The subsequent New World Tour was followed by the release of the Paul Is Live album later that year.

Starting in 1994, McCartney took a four-year break from his solo career to work on Apple's Beatles Anthology project with Harrison, Starr and Martin. He recorded a radio series called Oobu Joobu in 1995 for the American network Westwood One, which he described as "wide-screen radio". Also in 1995, Prince Charles presented him with an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal College of Music—"kind of amazing for somebody who doesn't read a note of music", commented McCartney. In March 1997, he was knighted for services to music.

In 1997, McCartney released the rock album Flaming Pie. Starr appeared on drums and backing vocals in "Beautiful Night". Later that year, he released the classical work Standing Stone, which topped the UK and US classical charts. In 1998, Rushes, the second electronica album by the Fireman, was released. In 1999, McCartney released Run Devil Run. Recorded in one week, and featuring Ian Paice and David Gilmour, it was primarily an album of covers with three McCartney originals. He had been planning such an album for years, having been previously encouraged to do so by Linda, who had died of cancer in April 1998. He contributed the song "Nova" to a tribute album of classical choral music called A Garland for Linda (2000), dedicated to her.

He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a solo artist in March 1999 and continued his experimentation with orchestral music on Working Classical (November 1999). In May 2000, he was awarded a Fellowship by the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors. In August, he released the electronica album Liverpool Sound Collage with Super Furry Animals and Youth, using the sound collage and musique concrète techniques that had fascinated him in the mid-1960s.

2001–present

After witnessing the 11 September 2001 attacks from the JFK airport tarmac, McCartney was inspired to take a lead role in organising the Concert for New York City. His studio album release in November that year, Driving Rain, included the song "Freedom", written in response to the attacks. The following year, McCartney formed a band with guitarists Rusty Anderson and Brian Ray, accompanied by Wickens on keyboards and Abe Laboriel, Jr. on drums. They began the Driving World Tour later that year, which included stops in the US, Mexico and Japan. The tour resulted in the double live album Back in the U.S., released internationally in 2003 as Back in the World. The tour earned a reported $126.2 million, an average of over $2 million per night, and was named top tour of the year by Billboard.

In July 2002, McCartney married Heather Mills. In November, on the first anniversary of Harrison's death, McCartney performed at the Concert for George. He participated in the National Football League's Super Bowl, performing "Freedom" during the pre-game show for Super Bowl XXXVI in 2002 and headlining the halftime show at Super Bowl XXXIX in 2005. The English College of Arms honoured McCartney in 2002 by granting him a coat of arms. His crest, featuring a Liver Bird holding an acoustic guitar in its claw, reflects his background in Liverpool and his musical career. The shield includes four curved emblems which resemble beetles' backs. The arms' motto is Ecce Cor Meum, Latin for "Behold My Heart". In 2003, the McCartneys had a child, Beatrice Milly.

Starr and McCartney promoting The Beatles: Rock Band in 2009

In July 2005, he performed at the Live 8 event in Hyde Park, London, opening the show with "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" and closing it with "The Long and Winding Road". In September, he released the rock album Chaos and Creation in the Backyard, for which he provided most of the instrumentation. In 2006, McCartney released the classical work Ecce Cor Meum. The rock album Memory Almost Full followed in 2007. In 2008, he released his third Fireman album, Electric Arguments. Also in 2008, he performed at a concert in Liverpool to celebrate the city's year as European Capital of Culture. In 2009, after a four-year break, he returned to touring and has since performed over 80 shows. More than forty-five years after the Beatles first appeared on American television during The Ed Sullivan Show, he returned to the same New York theatre to perform on Late Show with David Letterman. On 9 September 2009, the Beatles catalogue was reissued following a four-year digital remastering effort and a music video game called The Beatles: Rock Band was released the same day.

McCartney's enduring fame has made him a popular choice to open new venues. In 2009, he played three sold-out concerts at the newly built Citi Field—a venue constructed to replace Shea Stadium in Queens, New York. These performances yielded the double live album Good Evening New York City later that year. In November 2010, the official canon of thirteen Beatles studio albums, Past Masters and the 1962-1966 and 1967-1970 greatest-hits compilations were released on iTunes, making the group among the last of the major classic rock artists to offer their music for sale on the digital marketplace.

In 2011, McCartney released Ocean's Kingdom, a collaboration with Peter Martins and McCartney's first score for dance; the work was commissioned by the New York City Ballet. Also in 2011, McCartney married Nancy Shevell.Kisses on the Bottom, a collection of standards, was released in February 2012; that same month he was honoured as MusiCares Person of the Year, two days prior to his performance at the 54th Grammy Awards.

As of 2012, McCartney remains one of the world's top draws. He played to over 100,000 people total during two performances in Mexico City in May, the shows grossing nearly $6 million. In June 2012, McCartney closed Queen Elizabeth's Diamond Jubilee Concert held outside Buckingham Palace, performing a set that included "Let It Be" and "Live and Let Die". He closed the opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics in London on 27 July, singing "Hey Jude" and inviting the audience to join in on the coda. He was paid ₤1 by the Olympic organizers, but this was in order to secure a contract with him as McCartney had donated his time.

Musicianship

As a musician, McCartney is largely self-taught. Musicologist Ian MacDonald described his approach as "by nature drawn to music's formal aspects yet wholly untutored ... produced technically 'finished' work almost entirely by instinct, his harmonic judgement based mainly on perfect pitch and an acute pair of ears ... natural melodist—a creator of tunes capable of existing apart from their harmony". McCartney commented, "I prefer to think of my approach to music as ... rather like the primitive cave artists, who drew without training."

Bass guitar

McCartney's skill as a bass player has been acknowledged by other bassists, including Sting, Dr. Dre bassist Mike Elizondo, and Colin Moulding of XTC. McCartney is known to play using a plectrum or pick almost exclusively, only occasionally changing to fingerstyle. He does not use slapping or muting techniques. He was strongly influenced by Motown, in particular by James Jamerson, whom McCartney called a hero for his melodic style. He was also influenced by Brian Wilson "because he went to very unusual places". Another favourite bassist is Stanley Clarke.

"Paul is one of the most innovative bass players ... half the stuff that's going on now is directly ripped off from his Beatles period ... He's an egomaniac about everything else, but his bass playing he'd always been a bit coy about." —Lennon, Playboy magazine, January 1981

During McCartney's early years with the Beatles, he primarily used a Höfner 500/1 bass, though in 1965 he began sporadically using a Rickenbacker 4001S for recording. While typically using Vox amplifiers, by 1967 he had also begun using a Fender Bassman for amplification. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, he used a Wal 5-String, which he said made him play more thick-sounding basslines, in contrast to the much lighter Höfner, which inspired him to play more sensitively, something he considers fundamental to his playing style. He changed back to the Höfner around 1990 for that reason. He uses Mesa Boogie bass amplifiers while performing live.

MacDonald identified "She's a Woman" as the point when McCartney's bass playing began to evolve dramatically, and Beatles biographer Chris Ingham singled out Rubber Soul as the moment when McCartney's playing exhibited significant progress, particularly on "The Word". Bacon and Morgan agreed, calling McCartney's groove on the track "a high point in pop bass playing and ... the first proof on a recording of his serious technical ability on the instrument." MacDonald inferred the influence of James Brown's "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag" and Pickett's "In the Midnight Hour", American soul tracks from which McCartney absorbed elements and drew inspiration as he "delivered his most spontaneous bass-part to date".

Bacon and Morgan described his bassline for the Beatles song "Rain" as "an astonishing piece of playing ... thinking in terms of both rhythm and 'lead bass' ... the area of the neck ... he correctly perceives will give him clarity for melody without rendering his sound too thin for groove." MacDonald considered the track the Beatles' best B-side, stating that its "clangorously saturated texture resonates around McCartney's ", which MacDonald described as "so inventive that it threatens to overwhelm the track". MacDonald also indicated the influence of Indian classical music in "exotic melismas in the bass part". McCartney identified Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band as containing his strongest and most inventive bass playing, particularly on "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds".

Acoustic guitar

"If I couldn't have any other instrument, I would have to have an acoustic guitar." —McCartney, Guitar Player, July 1990

McCartney primarily flatpicks while playing acoustic guitar, though he also uses elements of fingerpicking. Examples of his acoustic guitar playing on Beatles tracks include "Yesterday", "I'm Looking Through You", "Michelle", "Blackbird", "I Will", "Mother Nature's Son" and "Rocky Raccoon". McCartney singled out "Blackbird" as a personal favourite and described his technique for the guitar part in the following way: "I got my own little sort of cheating way of ... I'm actually sort of pulling two strings at a time ... I was trying to emulate those folk players." He employed a similar technique for "Jenny Wren". He played an Epiphone Texan on many of his acoustic recordings, but also used a Martin D-28.

Electric guitar

"Linda was a big fan of my guitar playing, whereas I've got my doubts. I think there are proper guitar players and then there are guys like me who love playing it". —McCartney, Guitar Player, July 1990

McCartney played lead electric guitar on several Beatles recordings, including what MacDonald described as a "fiercely angular slide guitar solo" on "Drive My Car", which McCartney played on an Epiphone Casino. McCartney said of the instrument, "if I had to pick one electric guitar it would be this." He contributed what MacDonald described as "a startling guitar solo" on the Harrison composition "Taxman" and the "shrieking" guitar on "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" and "Helter Skelter". MacDonald also praised McCartney's "coruscating pseudo-Indian" guitar solo on "Good Morning Good Morning". On his "Taxman" solo, McCartney commented, "I was very inspired by Jimi Hendrix. It was really my first voyage into feedback." In 1990, when asked who his favourite guitar players were, he included Eddie Van Halen, Eric Clapton and David Gilmour, stating, "but I still like Hendrix the best." He has primarily used a Gibson Les Paul for electric work, particularly while performing live.

Vocals

McCartney's vocals cross several musical genres. On "Call Me Back Again", according to Benitez, "McCartney shines as a bluesy solo vocalist" while MacDonald called "I'm Down" "a rock-and-roll classic" that "illustrates McCartney's vocal and stylistic versatility". MacDonald described "Helter Skelter" as an early attempt at heavy metal, and "Hey Jude" as a "pop/rock hybrid", pointing out McCartney's "use of gospel-style melismas" in the song and his "pseudo-soul shrieking in the fade-out". Benitez identified "Hope of Deliverance" and "Put It There" as examples of McCartney's folk music efforts while musicologist Walter Everett considered "When I'm Sixty-Four" and "Honey Pie" attempts at vaudeville. MacDonald praised the "swinging beat" of the Beatles' twenty-four bar blues song, "She's a Woman" as "the most extreme sound they had manufactured to date", with McCartney's voice "at the edge, squeezed to the upper limit of his chest register and threatening to crack at any moment." MacDonald described "I've Got a Feeling" as a "raunchy, mid-tempo rocker" with a "robust and soulful" vocal performance and "Back in the U.S.S.R." as "the last of up-tempo rockers", McCartney's "belting" vocals among his best since "Drive My Car", recorded three years earlier.

Keyboards

McCartney played piano on several Beatles songs, including "Every Little Thing", "She's a Woman", "For No One", "A Day in the Life", "Hello, Goodbye", "Hey Jude", "Lady Madonna", "Let It Be" and "The Long and Winding Road". MacDonald considered the piano part in "Lady Madonna" as reminiscent of Fats Domino, and "Let It Be" as having a gospel rhythm. MacDonald called McCartney's Mellotron intro on "Strawberry Fields Forever" an integral feature of the song's character. McCartney played a Moog synthesizer on the Beatles song "Maxwell's Silver Hammer" and the Wings track "Loup (1st Indian on the Moon)". Ingham described the Wings songs "With a Little Luck" and "London Town" as "full of the most sensitive pop synthesizer touches".

Drums

McCartney played drums on the Beatles songs "Back in the U.S.S.R.", "Dear Prudence", "Martha My Dear", "Wild Honey Pie" and "The Ballad of John and Yoko". He also played all the drum parts on his first and second solo albums McCartney and McCartney II, as well as on the Wings album Band On The Run and most of the drums on his solo LP Chaos and Creation in the Backyard.

Tape loops

In the mid-1960s, when visiting artist friend John Dunbar's flat in London, McCartney brought tapes he had compiled at then-girlfriend Jane Asher's home. They included mixes of various songs, musical pieces and comments made by McCartney that Dick James made into a demo for him. Heavily influenced by American avant-garde musician John Cage, McCartney made tape loops by recording voices, guitars and bongos on a Brenell tape recorder and splicing the various loops. He referred to the finished product as "electronic symphonies". He reversed the tapes, and speeded them up and slowed them down to create the effects he wanted, some of which were later used on the Beatles songs "Tomorrow Never Knows" and "The Fool on the Hill".

Early influences

"The Messiah has arrived!" —McCartney on Presley, The Beatles Anthology, 2000

McCartney's earliest musical influences include Little Richard, Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly, Carl Perkins, and Chuck Berry. When asked why Presley was not included on the Sgt. Pepper cover, McCartney replied, "Elvis was too important and too far above the rest even to mention ... so we didn't put him on the list because he was more than merely a ... pop singer, he was Elvis the King." McCartney stated that his bassline for "I Saw Her Standing There" was taken directly from Berry's "I'm Talking About You".

McCartney called Little Richard an idol, whose falsetto vocalizations inspired McCartney's own vocal technique. McCartney said he wrote "I'm Down" as a vehicle for his Little Richard impersonation. In 1971, McCartney bought the publishing rights to Holly's catalogue, and in 1976, on the fortieth anniversary of Holly's birth, McCartney inaugurated the annual "Buddy Holly Week" in England. The festival has included guest performances by famous musicians, songwriting competitions, drawing contests and special events featuring performances by the Crickets.

Creative outlets

While at school during the 1950s, McCartney thrived at art assignments, often earning top academic accolades for his visual work. His lack of discipline prevented him from achieving the results necessary to earn admission to art college. During the 1960s, he delved into the visual arts, explored experimental cinema, and regularly attended film, theatrical and classical music performances. His first contact with the London avant-garde scene was through artist John Dunbar, who introduced McCartney to art dealer Robert Fraser. At Fraser's flat he first learned about art appreciation, and during visits to Fraser's home, McCartney met Andy Warhol, Claes Oldenburg, Peter Blake, and Richard Hamilton. McCartney later purchased works by Magritte, using his painting of an apple for the Apple Records logo. McCartney was involved in the renovation and publicising of the Indica Gallery in Mason's Yard, London—where Lennon first met Yoko Ono. McCartney's involvement with the gallery brought him into contact with Barry Miles, whose underground newspaper, the International Times, McCartney helped to start. Miles later wrote McCartney's official biography, Many Years From Now (1997).

"I think there's an urge in us to stop the terrible fleetingness of time. Music. Paintings ... Try and capture one bloody moment please." —McCartney

McCartney became interested in painting after watching artist Willem de Kooning work in de Kooning's Long Island studio. McCartney took up painting in 1983, and he first exhibited his work in Siegen, Germany, in 1999. The 70-painting show featured portraits of Lennon, Andy Warhol and David Bowie. Though initially reluctant to display his paintings publicly, McCartney chose the gallery because events organiser Wolfgang Suttner showed genuine interest in McCartney's art. In September 2000, the first UK exhibition of McCartney's paintings opened, featuring 500 canvases at the Arnolfini Gallery in Bristol, England. In October 2000, McCartney's art débuted in his hometown of Liverpool. McCartney said, "I've been offered an exhibition of my paintings at the Walker Art Gallery ... where John and I used to spend many a pleasant afternoon. So I'm really excited about it. I didn't tell anybody I painted for 15 years but now I'm out of the closet". McCartney is lead patron of the Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts, a school in the building formerly occupied by the Liverpool Institute for Boys.

When McCartney was a child, his mother read him poems and encouraged him to read books; his father was interested in crosswords and invited Paul and his brother Michael to solve them with him, so as to increase their "word power", as McCartney said. In 2001, McCartney published Blackbird Singing, a volume of poems and lyrics to his songs for which he gave readings in Liverpool and New York City. In the foreword of the book, he explains: "When I was a teenager ... I had an overwhelming desire to have a poem published in the school magazine. I wrote something deep and meaningful—which was promptly rejected—and I suppose I have been trying to get my own back ever since". In 2005, he collaborated with author Philip Ardagh and animator Geoff Dunbar to write High in the Clouds: An Urban Furry Tail, which the Guardian labelled an "anti-capitalist children's book".

In 1981, McCartney asked Geoff Dunbar to direct a short animated film called Rupert and the Frog Song. McCartney was the writer and producer, and he also added some of the character voices. In 1992, he worked with Dunbar on an animated film about the work of French artist Honoré Daumier, which won them a BAFTA award. In 2004, they worked together on the animated short film Tropic Island Hum. The accompanying single, "Tropic Island Hum"/"We All Stand Together", reached number 21 in the UK. In 1995, he made a guest appearance on the Simpsons episode "Lisa the Vegetarian" and directed a short documentary about the Grateful Dead. McCartney also produced and hosted The Real Buddy Holly Story.

Lifestyle

Drugs

McCartney performing in New York

McCartney first used drugs in the Beatles' Hamburg days, when they often used Preludin to maintain their energy while performing for long periods.Bob Dylan introduced them to marijuana in a New York hotel room in 1964; McCartney recalls getting "very high" and "giggling uncontrollably". His use of the drug soon became habitual, and according to Miles, the lyrics "another kind of mind" in "Got to Get You into My Life" were written specifically as a reference to cannabis. During the filming of Help!, McCartney occasionally smoked a joint in the car on the way to the studio during filming, and often forgot his lines. Director Richard Lester overheard two physically attractive women trying to cajole McCartney into using heroin, but he refused. He was introduced to cocaine by Robert Fraser, and it was readily available during the recording of Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. McCartney used the drug for about a year but stopped because of his dislike of the unpleasant melancholy he felt afterwards.

Initially reluctant to try LSD, McCartney eventually did so in late 1966, and took his second "acid trip" in March 1967, with Lennon, after a Sgt. Pepper studio session. He later became the first Beatle to discuss the drug publicly, declaring, "It opened my eyes... made me a better, more honest, more tolerant member of society." He made his attitude about cannabis public in 1967, when he, along with the other Beatles and Epstein, added his name to a July advertisement in The Times, which called for its legalisation, the release of those imprisoned for possession, and research into marijuana's medical uses.

In 1972, McCartney was fined £1,000 by a Swedish court for cannabis possession. Soon after, Scottish police found marijuana plants growing on his farm, leading to his 1973 conviction for illegal cultivation and a £100 fine. Due to his drug convictions, he was repeatedly denied a US visa until December 1973. He was again arrested for marijuana possession in 1975 in Los Angeles. Linda took the blame, and the charges were soon dismissed. In January 1980, when Wings flew to Tokyo for a tour of Japan, customs officials found approximately 8 ounces (200 g) of cannabis in his luggage, and he was arrested and taken to a local jail while the Japanese government decided what to do. After ten days, he was released without charge and deported. In 1984, while on holiday in Barbados, he was arrested for possession of marijuana and fined $200. Upon his return to England, he stated that "cannabis is ... less harmful than rum punch, whiskey, nicotine and glue, all of which are perfectly legal ... I don't think ... I was doing anyone any harm whatsoever." In 1997, he spoke out in support of decriminalisation of the drug: "People are smoking pot anyway and to make them criminals is wrong."

Vegetarianism and activism

McCartney in Prague, 2004

Paul and Linda were vegetarians for most of their 30-year marriage. They decided to stop eating meat after Paul saw lambs in a field as they were having a meal of lamb. Soon after, the couple became outspoken animal rights activists. In his first interview after Linda's death, he promised to continue working for animal rights, and in 1999 he spent £3,000,000 to ensure Linda McCartney Foods remained free of genetically engineered ingredients. In 1995 Paul McCartney narrated the documentary Devour the Earth, written by Tony Wardle.

Following McCartney's marriage to Mills, he joined her in a campaign against landmines, becoming a patron of Adopt-A-Minefield. He wore an anti-landmines T-shirt during some of the Back in the World tour shows. In 2006, the McCartneys travelled to Prince Edward Island to raise international awareness of seal hunting. The couple debated with Danny Williams, Newfoundland's then Premier, on Larry King Live, stating that fishermen should stop hunting seals and start seal-watching businesses instead. McCartney also supports the Make Poverty History campaign.

McCartney has been involved with several charity recordings and performances, such as the Concerts for the People of Kampuchea, Ferry Aid, Band Aid, Live Aid and the recording of "Ferry Cross the Mersey". In 2004, he donated a song to an album to aid the "US Campaign for Burma", in support of Burmese Nobel Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi, and in 2008 he donated a song to Aid Still Required's CD, which was organised as an effort to raise funds to assist with the recovery from devastation caused in Southeast Asia by the 2004 tsunami.

In 2009, McCartney wrote to Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, asking him why he was not a vegetarian. As McCartney explained, "He wrote back very kindly, saying, my doctors tell me that I must eat meat. And I wrote back again, saying, you know, I don't think that's right ... I think he's now being told ... that he can get his protein somewhere else ... It just doesn't seem right – the Dalai Lama, on the one hand, saying, 'Hey guys, don't harm sentient beings ... Oh, and by the way, I'm having a steak.'"

Meditation

In August 1967, McCartney met the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi at the London Hilton, and later went to Bangor in North Wales, to attend a weekend initiation conference, where he and the other Beatles learned the basics of Transcendental Meditation. He explained, "The whole meditation experience was very good and I still use the mantra ... I find it soothing". In 2009, McCartney and Starr headlined a benefit concert at Radio City Music Hall, raising three million dollars for the David Lynch Foundation to fund instruction in Transcendental Meditation for at-risk youth.

Football

McCartney is an avid fan of football, and has publicly professed support for Everton, and also shown favour for Liverpool. In 2008, he ended speculation about his allegiance when he said, "Here's the deal: my father was born in Everton, my family are officially Evertonians, so if it comes down to a derby match or an FA Cup final between the two, I would have to support Everton. But after a concert at Wembley Arena I got a bit of a friendship with Kenny Dalglish, who had been to the gig and I thought 'You know what? I am just going to support them both because it's all Liverpool.'"

Personal relationships

Main article: Personal relationships of Paul McCartney

Girlfriends

Dot Rhone

McCartney's first serious girlfriend in Liverpool was Dot Rhone, whom he met at the Casbah club in 1959. According to Spitz, Rhone felt McCartney had a compulsion to control situations, choosing clothes and make-up for her, encouraging her to grow her hair out like Brigitte Bardot's and at least once insisting she have it re-styled, to disappointing effect. When McCartney first went to Hamburg with the Beatles, he wrote to Rhone regularly, and she accompanied Cynthia Lennon to Hamburg when they played there again in 1962. The couple had a two-and-a-half-year relationship, and were due to marry until Rhone's miscarriage; according to Spitz, McCartney, now "free of obligation", ended the engagement.

Jane Asher

McCartney first met British actress Jane Asher on 18 April 1963, when a photographer asked them to pose at a Beatles performance at the Royal Albert Hall in London. The two began a relationship, and in November of that year he took up residence with Asher at her parents' home at 57 Wimpole Street, London. They lived there for more than two years before the couple moved to McCartney's own home in St. John's Wood, in March 1966. He wrote several songs while at the Ashers', including "Yesterday", and several of them were inspired by Asher, among them "And I Love Her", "You Won't See Me" and "I'm Looking Through You". They had a five-year relationship and planned to marry, but Asher broke off the engagement after she discovered he had become involved with Francie Schwartz.

Wives

Linda Eastman

McCartney performing with wife Linda in 1976

Linda Eastman was a music fan who once commented, "all my teen years were spent with an ear to the radio." At times, she skipped school to see artists such as Fabian, Bobby Darin and Chuck Berry. She became a popular photographer with several rock groups, including the Jimi Hendrix Experience, the Grateful Dead, the Doors and the Beatles, whom she first met at Shea Stadium in 1966. She commented, "It was John who interested me at the start. He was my Beatle hero. But when I met him the fascination faded fast and I found it was Paul I liked." The pair first properly met in 1967 at a Georgie Fame concert at The Bag O'Nails club, during her UK assignment to photograph rock musicians in London. As Paul remembers, "The night Linda and I met, I spotted her across a crowded club, and although I would normally have been nervous chatting her up, I realised I had to ... Pushiness worked for me that night!" Linda said this about their meeting: "I was quite shameless really. I was with somebody else  ... and I saw Paul at the other side of the room. He looked so beautiful that I made up my mind I would have to pick him up." The pair were married in 1969. About their relationship, Paul said, "We had a lot of fun together ... just the nature of how we are, our favourite thing really is to just hang, to have fun. And Linda's very big on just following the moment." He added, "We were crazy. We had a big argument the night before we got married and it was nearly called off ... miraculous that we made it. But we did."

The two collaborated musically after the Beatles' break-up, forming Wings in 1971. They faced derision from some fans and critics, who questioned her inclusion. She was nervous about performing with Paul, who explained, "she conquered those nerves, got on with it and was really gutsy." Paul defended her musical ability: "I taught Linda the basics of the keyboard ... She took a couple lessons and learned some bluesy things ... she did very well and made it look easier than it was ... The critics would say, 'She's not really playing' or 'Look at her—she's playing with one finger.' But what they didn't know is that sometimes she was playing a thing called a Minimoog, which could only be played with one finger. It was monophonic." He went on to say, "We thought we were in it for the fun ... it was just something we wanted to do, so if we got it wrong – big deal. We didn't have to justify ourselves." Former Wings guitarist McCullough said of collaborating with Linda, "trying to get things together with a learner in the group didn't work as far as I was concerned."

They had four children—Linda's daughter Heather (legally adopted by Paul), Mary, Stella and James—and remained married until Linda's death from breast cancer in 1998. After her death, Paul stated in The Daily Mail, "I got a counsellor because I knew that I would need some help. He was great, particularly in helping me get rid of my guilt perfect all the time ... a real bugger. But then I thought, hang on a minute. We're just human. That was the beautiful thing about our marriage. We were just a boyfriend and girlfriend having babies."

Heather Mills

In 2002, McCartney married Heather Mills, a former model and anti-landmines campaigner. In 2003, the couple had a child, Beatrice Milly, who was named in honour of Mills' late mother, and one of McCartney's aunts. They separated in April 2006, and divorced acrimoniously in March 2008. In 2004 he commented on media animosity toward his partners: " didn't like me giving up on Jane Asher" ... "I married , a New York divorcee with a child, and at the time they didn't like that".

Nancy Shevell

McCartney married New Yorker Nancy Shevell in a civil ceremony at Old Marylebone Town Hall, London, on 9 October 2011. The wedding was a low-key affair attended by a group of about 30 relatives and friends. The couple had been dating since November 2007. She is vice president of a family-owned transportation conglomerate which owns New England Motor Freight and was formerly a member of the board of the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority.

Beatles

John Lennon

McCartney had a strained relationship with Lennon; they briefly became close again in 1974, and played music together on two occasions, the only times since the Beatles' break-up in 1970. In later years, the two grew apart. While McCartney would often phone, he was apprehensive about the reception he would receive, as during one call when he was told, "You're all pizza and fairytales!" In an effort to avoid talking only about business, they often spoke of cats, babies or baking bread.

On 24 April 1976, the two were watching an episode of Saturday Night Live together at Lennon's home in New York City, during which Lorne Michaels made a $3,000 cash offer for the Beatles to reunite. While they seriously considered going to the SNL studio a few blocks away, they decided it was too late. This was their last time together. This event was fictionalised in the 2000 television film Two of Us. His last telephone call to Lennon, days before Lennon and Ono released Double Fantasy, was friendly; he said this about the call: " a consoling factor for me, because I do feel it was sad that we never actually sat down and straightened our differences out. But fortunately for me, the last phone conversation I ever had with him was really great, and we didn't have any kind of blow-up."

Reaction to Lennon's murder

Main article: Death of John Lennon

"John is kinda like a constant ... always there in my being ... in my soul, so I always think of him". —McCartney, Guitar World, January 2000

On 9 December 1980, McCartney awoke to the news that Lennon had been murdered the previous night, his death creating a media frenzy around the surviving members of the band. That evening, as he was leaving an Oxford Street recording studio, he was surrounded by reporters who asked him for a reaction. He responded "It's a drag", and was criticised for what appeared to be a superficial response. He later explained, "When John was killed somebody stuck a microphone at me and said: 'What do you think about it?' I said, 'It's a dra-a-ag' and meant it with every inch of melancholy I could muster. When you put that in print it says, 'McCartney in London today when asked for a comment on his dead friend said, "It's a drag".' It seemed a very flippant comment to make." He described his first exchange with Ono after the murder, and his last conversation with Lennon:

I talked to Yoko the day after he was killed and the first thing she said was, "John was really fond of you." The last telephone conversation I had with him we were still the best of mates. He was always a very warm guy, John. His bluff was all on the surface. He used to take his glasses down, those granny glasses, and say, "it's only me." They were like a wall, you know? A shield. Those are the moments I treasure.

In 1983, McCartney said, "I would not have been as typically human and standoffish as I was if I knew John was going to die. I would have made more of an effort to try and get behind his "mask" and have a better relationship with him." He said that he went home that night, watched the news on television with his children and cried most of the evening. In 1997, he admitted the ex-Beatles were nervous at the time that they might also be murdered. He told Mojo magazine in 2002 that Lennon was his greatest hero. In June 1981, six months after the murder, McCartney sang backup on Harrison's tribute to their ex-bandmate, "All Those Years Ago", which featured Starr on drums. McCartney released "Here Today" in 1982, a song Everett describes as "a haunting tribute" to McCartney's friendship with Lennon.

George Harrison

Discussing his relationship with McCartney, Harrison said, "Paul would always help along when you'd done his ten songs—then when he got 'round to doing one of my songs, he would help. It was silly. It was very selfish, actually ... There were a lot of tracks, though, where I played bass ... because what Paul would do—if he'd written a song, he'd learn all the parts for Paul and then come in the studio and say (sometimes he was very difficult): "Do this". He'd never give you the opportunity to come out with something."

After Harrison's death in November 2001, McCartney issued a statement outside his home in St. John's Wood, calling him "a lovely guy and a very brave man who had a wonderful sense of humour". He went on to say, "We grew up together and we just had so many beautiful times together – that's what I am going to remember. I'll always love him, he's my baby brother." On the first anniversary of his death, McCartney played Harrison's "Something" on a ukulele at the Concert for George. He also performed "For You Blue" and "All Things Must Pass", and played the piano on Eric Clapton's rendition of "While My Guitar Gently Weeps".

Ringo Starr

Starr once described McCartney as "pleasantly insincere", though the two generally enjoy each other's company, and at least once went on holiday together in Greece. Starr recalled, "We couldn't understand a word of the songs the hotel band were playing, so on the last night Paul and I did a few rockers like "What'd I Say". There was at times discord between them as well, particularly during sessions for the White Album. As Apple's Peter Brown recalled, "it was a poorly kept secret among Beatle intimates that after Ringo left the studio Paul would often dub in the drum tracks himself ... would pretend not to notice". In August 1968, the two got into an argument over McCartney's critique of Starr's drum part for "Back in the U.S.S.R.", which contributed to Starr temporarily leaving the band. He returned in September to find bouquets of flowers on his drum kit. Starr commented on working with McCartney: "Paul is the greatest bass player in the world. But he is also very determined ... get his own way ... musical disagreements inevitably arose from time to time."

McCartney and Starr collaborated on several post-Beatles projects starting in 1973, when McCartney contributed instrumentation and backing vocals for "Six O'Clock", a song McCartney wrote for Starr's album Ringo. McCartney played a kazoo solo on another track from the album You're Sixteen. In 1976, McCartney sang backing vocals on another song he wrote for Starr, "Pure Gold", from Ringo's Rotogravure. In 1981, McCartney produced and performed on three songs from Starr's Stop and Smell the Roses, two of which McCartney composed. Starr played drums and sang backing vocals on a song from McCartney's 1997 album, Flaming Pie. The pair collaborated again in 1998, on Starr's Vertical Man, which featured McCartney's backing vocals on three songs, and instrumentation on one. In 2009, the pair performed "With a Little Help From My Friends" at a benefit concert for the David Lynch Foundation. They collaborated on Starr's album, Y Not, in 2010. McCartney played bass on a track, and sang a duet with Starr on another. On 7 July 2010, Starr was performing at Radio City Music Hall in New York. It was his seventieth birthday, and McCartney made a surprise, last minute appearance, coming out and launching into the Beatles' song "Birthday" backed by members of Starr's band.

Recognition

McCartney performing in Prague, June 2004

Achievements

McCartney was described by Guinness World Records as "the Most Successful Composer and Recording Artist of All Time", with 60 gold discs and sales of 100 million albums, 100 million singles, and a writer's credit on forty-three songs that have sold over one million copies each. According to Guinness, he is "the most successful songwriter" in UK singles chart history and "the most successful musician of all time". He has written or co-written "188 charted records, of which 129 are different songs. Of these records, 91 reached the Top 10 and 33 made it to number 1. In total, the songs have spent 1,662 weeks in the charts (up to the beginning of 2007)."

In the US, McCartney was included on 32 number-one singles as a songwriter or co-writer on the Billboard Hot 100: twenty with the Beatles; nine solo and/or with Wings; one as a co-writer of "A World Without Love", a number-one single for Peter and Gordon; one as a co-writer on Elton John's cover of "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds"; and one as a co-writer with Jackson on "Say Say Say". As of 2012, he has sold 15.5 million RIAA certified units in the United States.

McCartney has been involved in more number ones in the UK than any other artist under a variety of credits, totalling twenty-four singles: seventeen with the Beatles, one solo, and one each with Wings, Stevie Wonder, Ferry Aid, Band Aid, Band Aid 20 and one with "The Christians et al". He is the only artist to reach the UK number one as a soloist ("Pipes of Peace"), duo ("Ebony and Ivory" with Wonder), trio ("Mull of Kintyre", Wings), quartet ("She Loves You", the Beatles), quintet ("Get Back", the Beatles with Billy Preston) and as part of a musical ensemble for charity (Ferry Aid).

"Yesterday" is the most covered song in history with more than 2,200 recorded versions, and according to the BBC, "the track is the only one by a UK writer to have been aired more than seven million times on American TV and radio and is third in the all-time list ... is the most played song by a British writer century in the US". His 1968 Beatles composition, "Hey Jude", is also a career highlight. It achieved the highest sales in the UK that year, and topped the US charts for nine weeks, longer than any other Beatles single. It was also the longest single released by the band, and at seven minutes eleven seconds, the longest ever number one to that point. "Hey Jude" is the best-selling Beatles single, achieving sales of over five million copies soon after its release.

In July 2005, he was involved with the fastest-released single in history, when his performance of "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" with U2 at Live 8 was released within forty-five minutes of its recording. Within hours of release, it achieved number one on the UK Official Download Chart.

He also closed the Opening Ceremonies of the London 2012 Olympics, which was aired to a global audience of nearly a billion people.

Awards

Main article: List of awards received by Paul McCartney

In 1990, the minor planet 4148 was named "McCartney" in his honour. In 2008, he received a BRIT award for Outstanding Contribution to Music, as well as an honorary Doctor of Music degree from Yale University. In 2010, he was honoured by President Barack Obama with the Gershwin Prize for his contributions to popular music. He returned to the White House later that year as a recipient of the Kennedy Center Honors. McCartney won two Grammy awards with Wings, and two as a solo artist. In 2012, he became the last Beatle to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

On 4 September 2012, France's Elysée Palace said McCartney had been nominated for the Légion d'Honneur for services to music. He was decorated with the rank of officer by French President François Hollande in a ceremony on 8 September 2012 in Paris.

Discography

Main articles: Paul McCartney discography, Wings discography, and the Beatles discography

Studio albums

Rock, pop McCartney (1970) Ram (1971) (Paul & Linda McCartney) Wild Life (1971) (Wings) Red Rose Speedway (1973) (Wings) Band on the Run (1973) (Wings) Venus and Mars (1975) (Wings) Wings at the Speed of Sound (1976) (Wings) London Town (1978) (Wings) Back to the Egg (1979) (Wings) McCartney II (1980) Tug of War (1982) Pipes of Peace (1983) Give My Regards to Broad Street (1984) Press to Play (1986) Снова в СССР (1988) Flowers in the Dirt (1989) Off the Ground (1993) Flaming Pie (1997) Run Devil Run (1999) Driving Rain (2001) Chaos and Creation in the Backyard (2005) Memory Almost Full (2007) Kisses on the Bottom (2012) Classical The Family Way (1966) (film score with George Martin) Paul McCartney's Liverpool Oratorio (1991) (with Carl Davis) Standing Stone (1997) Working Classical (1999) A Garland for Linda (2000) (Various Artists) Ecce Cor Meum (2006) Ocean's Kingdom (2011) (dance score with Peter Martins) Electronica Thrillington (1977) (Percy "Thrills" Thrillington) Strawberries Oceans Ships Forest (1993) (The Fireman) Rushes (1998) (The Fireman) Liverpool Sound Collage (2000) (re-mix album) Twin Freaks (2005) (with the Freelance Hellraiser) Electric Arguments (2008) (The Fireman)

Live and compilations

Live Wings over America (1976) Tripping the Live Fantastic (1990) Tripping the Live Fantastic: Highlights! (1990) Unplugged (The Official Bootleg) (1991) Paul Is Live (1993) Back in the U.S. (2002) Back in the World (2003) Good Evening New York City (2009) Compilations Wings Greatest (1978) All the Best! (1987) Wingspan: Hits and History (2001)

Tours

Main articles: List of Paul McCartney concert tours and List of the Beatles' live performances

Wings Wings University Tour – 11 shows in the UK, 1972 Wings Over Europe Tour – 25 shows, 1972 Wings 1973 UK Tour – 21 shows, 1973 Wings Over the World Tour – 66 shows, 1975–1976 Wings UK Tour 1979 – 20 shows, 1979 Solo The Paul McCartney World Tour – 104 shows, 1989–1990 Unplugged Tour – 6 worldwide shows, 1992 The New World Tour – 79 shows, 1993 Driving World Tour – 55 shows, 2002 Back in the World tour – 33 shows, 2003 '04 Summer Tour – 14 shows worldwide, 2004 The 'US' Tour – 37 shows, 2005 Summer Live '09 – 10 shows in North America, 2009 Good Evening Europe Tour – 8 shows, 2009 Up and Coming Tour – 38 shows worldwide, 2010–2011 On the Run Tour – 30 shows worldwide, 2011–2012

Notes

^ Jim McCartney's father Joe played an E-flat tuba. He pointed out the bass parts in songs on the radio, and often took his sons to local brass band concerts. ^ During their extended stays there over the next two years, they performed as the resident group at the Indra, and later the Kaiserkeller, both owned by Bruno Koschmider. Periodically, the band received breaks from playing in Hamburg, and returned to Liverpool, performing regularly at the Cavern Club. ^ In 1963, the Beatles released two studio albums: Please Please Me and With the Beatles. Two more albums followed in 1964: A Hard Day's Night and Beatles for Sale. ^ McCartney co-wrote (with Lennon) several of their early hits, including "I Saw Her Standing There", "She Loves You", "I Want to Hold Your Hand" (1963) and "Can't Buy Me Love" (1964). ^ Also included on Revolver was "Here, There and Everywhere", a McCartney composition which is his second favourite after "Yesterday". ^ Written by McCartney as a commentary on his childhood in Liverpool, "Penny Lane" featured a piccolo trumpet solo inspired by Bach's second Brandenburg concerto. ^ The Sgt. Pepper cover piqued a frenzy of analysis. A collage designed by pop artists Peter Blake and Jann Haworth, it featured the group in costume as the imaginary band alluded to in the album's title track, standing with a host of celebrities. The Beatles' heavy moustaches reflected the growing influence of hippie style trends on the band, while their clothing "spoofed the vogue in Britain for military fashions", wrote Gould. Scholar David Scott Kastan described Sgt. Pepper as "the most important and influential rock-and-roll album ever recorded". ^ The Beatles was the band's first Apple Records LP release; the label was a subsidiary of Apple Corps, a conglomerate formed as part of Epstein's plan to reduce the group's taxes. ^ In October 1969, a rumour surfaced that McCartney had died in a car crash in 1966 and been replaced by a lookalike, but this was quickly refuted when a November Life magazine cover featured him and his family, accompanied by the caption "Paul is still with us". ^ When the Beatles were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988, their first year of eligibility, McCartney did not attend the ceremony, stating that unresolved legal disputes would make him "feel like a complete hypocrite waving and smiling with at a fake reunion." ^ The Beatles released twenty-two UK singles and twelve LPs, of which seventeen singles and eleven LPs reached number one on various charts. The band topped the US Billboard Hot 100 twenty times, and recorded fourteen number-one albums, as Lennon and McCartney became one of the most celebrated songwriting partnerships of the 20th century. McCartney was the primary writer of five of their last six US number-one singles: "Hello, Goodbye" (1967), "Hey Jude" (1968), "Get Back (1969)", "Let It Be" and "The Long and Winding Road" (1970). ^ McCartney peaked in the UK at number two, spending thirty-two weeks in the charts. ^ Wings' first album together, Wild Life, reached the top ten in the US and the top twenty in the UK, staying on the UK charts for nine weeks. ^ In May 1973, Wings began a 21-show tour of the UK, this time with supporting act Brinsley Schwarz. ^ "Live and Let Die" became a staple of McCartney's live shows, its modern sound well-suited for the pyrotechnics and laser light displays Wings employed during their 1970s stadium performances. ^ Band on the Run became the UK's first platinum LP. ^ In 1974, McCartney hired guitarist Jimmy McCulloch and drummer Geoff Britton to replace McCullough and Seiwell. Britton subsequently quit during recording sessions in 1975 and was replaced by Joe English. ^ Wings at the Speed of Sound peaked in the UK at number 2, spending 35 weeks in the charts. In the UK, NME was alone in ranking the album number 1. The LP reached number 1 on three charts in the US. ^ In 1977, McCartney released the album Thrillington, an orchestral arrangement of Ram, under the pseudonym Percy "Thrills" Thrillington, with a cover designed by Hipgnosis. ^ During the production of London Town, McCulloch and English quit Wings; they were replaced by guitarist Laurence Juber and drummer Steve Holly. ^ Other factors in Wings' split included tension caused by the disappointment of their last effort, Back to the Egg, and McCartney's 1980 marijuana bust in Japan, which resulted in the cancelling of the tour and caused a major loss of wages for the group. Laine claimed that a significant cause of their dissolution was McCartney's reluctance to tour, fearing for his personal safety after the 1980 murder of Lennon. McCartney's then-spokesman said, "Paul is doing other things, that's all". ^ Wings produced a total of seven studio albums, two of which topped the UK charts and four the US charts. Their live triple LP, Wings over America, was one of only a few live albums ever to achieve the top spot in America. They made six US Billboard number-one singles, including "Listen to What the Man Said" and "Silly Love Songs", as well as eight top-ten singles. They achieved eight RIAA-certified platinum singles and six platinum albums in the US. In the UK, they achieved one number-one and twelve top-ten singles, as well as two number-one LPs. ^ Tug of War was a number-one album in both the UK and the US. ^ Pipes of Peace peaked in the UK at number 4, spending 23 weeks in the charts. The LP reached number 15 in the US and is McCartney's most recently recorded RIAA certified platinum studio album as of 2012. ^ "Spies Like Us" peaked in the UK at number 13 spending 10 weeks in the charts. The single reached number 7 in the US and is McCartney's most recently recorded US top-ten as of 2012. ^ Press to Play reached number 8 in the UK, and number 30 in the US. ^ In 1989, "Ferry Cross the Mersey" reached number 1 in the UK. ^ Flowers in the Dirt is McCartney's most recent UK number-one album as of 2012; it reached number 21 in the US. ^ Tripping the Live Fantastic reached number 17 in the UK and number 26 in the US. ^ During the ten-month, 104-show Tripping the Live Fantastic tour, McCartney played as many as fourteen Beatles songs a night, comprising nearly half the performance. ^ Unplugged: The Official Bootleg reached number 7 in the UK and number 14 in the US. ^ Off the Ground reached number 5 in the UK and number 17 in the US. ^ Paul is Live reached number 34 in the UK and number 78 in the US. ^ For the New World Tour, Whitten was replaced by drummer Blair Cunningham. McCartney's 1993 tour of the US was the second highest grossing effort of the year in America, bringing in $32.3 million from twenty-four shows. ^ Flaming Pie reached number 2 in the UK and the US. It also yielded McCartney's highest charting UK top-twenty hit song as of 2012, "Young Boy", which reached number 19. ^ Run Devil Run reached number 12 in the UK and number 27 in the US. ^ Driving Rain reached number 46 in the UK and number 26 in the US. ^ Back in the U.S. reached number 8 in the US, and Back in the World reached number 5 in the UK. ^ During the Driving World Tour McCartney performed twenty-three Beatles songs in a thirty-six song set, including an all-Beatles encore. ^ In June 2005, McCartney released the electronica album Twin Freaks, a collaborative project with bootleg producer and remixer Freelance Hellraiser consisting of remixed versions of songs from his solo career. ^ Chaos and Creation in the Backyard is McCartney's most recent top-ten album as of 2012. It reached number 10 in the UK, and number 6 in the US. It was supported by a UK top-twenty hit single, his most recent as of 2012, "Fine Line", which failed to chart in the US, and "Jenny Wren", which reached number 22 in the UK. ^ McCartney followed the release of Chaos and Creation in the Backyard with the 'US' Tour, the tenth top earning act of 2005 in the US, taking in over $17 million in ticket sales for eight shows. During the opening performance of the tour, he played thirty-five songs, of which twenty-three were Beatles tracks. ^ Ecce Cor Meum reached number 2 on the classical charts in both the UK and the US. ^ Memory Almost Full reached number 3 in the US and spending fifteen weeks in the charts. As of 2012, it remains McCartney's most recent top-five album. ^ Electric Arguments reached number 67 on the Billboad 200 and number 1 on the Independent Albums chart. ^ In 2010, McCartney opened the Consol Energy Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. ^ McCartney's band performed thirty-seven songs during the 8 May 2012, performance in Mexico City, twenty-three of which were Beatles tracks. ^ As of 2012, Elvis Presley has achieved the most UK number-ones as a solo artist with eighteen. ^ "Hey Jude" was covered by several prominent artists, including Elvis Presley, Bing Crosby, Count Basie and Wilson Pickett. ^ McCartney is one of the UK's wealthiest people, with an estimated fortune of £475 million in 2010. In addition to an interest in Apple Corps and MPL Communications, an umbrella company for his business interests, he owns a significant music publishing catalogue, with access to over 25,000 copyrights, including the publishing rights to the musicals Guys and Dolls, A Chorus Line, Annie and Grease. He earned £40 million in 2003, the highest income that year within media professions in the UK. This rose to £48.5 million by 2005. ^ McCartney's music has appeared on several record labels. In January 1962, the Beatles' first commercially released recording, "My Bonnie", credited to Tony Sheridan and the Beat Brothers, was issued in the UK by Polydor Records and in April 1962 in the US by Decca Records. The following year, the band's singles "Please Please Me"/"Ask Me Why" and "From Me to You"/"Thank You Girl" were released in the UK by Parlophone and in the US by Vee-Jay Records. Also that year, Swan Records released the group's UK Parlophone single "She Loves You"/"I'll Get You" in the US. From then until July 1968, the band's music was released on EMI's Capitol (US) and Parlophone (UK) labels. Starting with the August 1968 release "Hey Jude"/"Revolution", their new material was issued with Apple labels, logos and sleeves, but with Parlophone or Capitol serial numbers. Following the break-up of the Beatles, McCartney's music continued to be released by Apple Records until Wings' "Listen to What the Man Said"/"Love in Song" single, issued by Capitol in May 1975. The following year, he moved back to Parlophone, which he left again in 1977 for Capitol before returning the next year. In 1978, McCartney signed with Columbia Records for his US releases, leaving EMI's Capitol after fifteen years with the record company. From 1985 until 2006, McCartney's music was released by Parlophone in the UK and Capitol in the US. In 2007, McCartney signed with Hear Music, becoming the label's first artist, and remains there as of 2012's Kisses on the Bottom. ^ Northern Songs was established in 1963 by Dick James to publish the songs of Lennon–McCartney. The Beatles' partnership was replaced in 1968 by the jointly held company, Apple Corps, which continues to control Apple's commercial interests. Northern Songs was purchased by Associated Television (ATV) in 1969, and was sold in 1985 to Michael Jackson. In 1995, Jackson merged his catalogue with Sony for a reported £59,052,000 ($95 million), establishing Sony/ATV Music Publishing, in which he retained half-ownership. For many years, McCartney was unhappy about Jackson's purchase and handling of Northern Songs, which was formally dissolved in 1995 when it became absorbed in the Sony/ATV catalogue. McCartney receives writers' royalties which together are 33⅓ percent of total commercial proceeds in the US, and which vary elsewhere between 50 and 55 percent. Two of the Beatles' earliest songs—"Love Me Do" and "P.S. I Love You"—were published by an EMI subsidiary, Ardmore & Beechwood, before signing with James. McCartney acquired their publishing rights from Ardmore in the mid 1980s, and they are the only two Beatles songs owned by MPL Communications.

Citations

^ Harry 2002, pp. 388–389: "most successful composer and recording artist of all time", 60 gold disks, 100 million albums and 100 million singles sold; Glenday 2008, p. 168: "the most successful songwriter" in UK chart history. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 75. ^ Miles 1997, p. 4: (primary source); Benitez 2010, p. 1: (secondary source). ^ Benitez 2010, p. 1: Transferred to Joseph Williams Junior School due to overcrowding at Stockton; Carlin 2009, p. 13: Transferred to Joseph Williams in 1949. ^ For his attendance at Joseph Williams Junior School see: "Beatle's schoolboy photo auction". BBC News. 16 August 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/merseyside/8203923.stm. Retrieved 13 June 2012. ; For McCartney passing the 11-plus exam see: Miles 1997, p. 9: (primary source); Benitez 2010, pp. 1–2: (secondary source). ^ Benitez 2010, p. 2: The two soon became friends, "I tended to talk down to him, because he was a year younger"; Spitz 2005, pp. 82–83: On grammar school versus secondary modern, 125: On meeting Harrison. ^ Benitez 2010, p. 2: "Mary was the family's primary wage earner"; Harry 2002, pp. 340–341: "where they lived through 1964". ^ Miles 1997, p. 6. ^ Benitez 2010, p. 2: On Mary's death (secondary source); Miles 1997, p. 20: On Mary's death (primary source). ^ Miles 1997, p. 31. ^ Miles 1997, p. 22. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 71. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 23–24. ^ Miles 1997, p. 21: Jim gave McCartney a nickel-plated trumpet which was later traded for a Zenith acoustic guitar; Spitz 2005, p. 86: when rock and roll became popular on Radio Luxembourg. ^ Miles 1997, p. 21. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 22–23. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 509: McCartney: "The first song I ever sang in public was "Long Tall Sally"., 533–534: Harry: "Long Tall Sally", was "The first number Paul ever sang on stage". ^ Spitz 2005, p. 93. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 95: "The Quarrymen played a spirited set of songs—half skiffle, half rock 'n roll". ^ Lewisohn 1992, p. 18. ^ Lewisohn 1992, pp. 18–22. ^ Lewisohn 1992, pp. 17–25. ^ Miles 2001, pp. 23–24: Williams booking for them to perform in Hamburg; Spitz 2005, p. 200: Williams booking them in Hamburg in 1960, Spitz 2005, p. 243: "Williams had never formally served as the Beatles manager". ^ Lewisohn 1992, pp. 21–25: Hamburg, Lewisohn 1992, p. 31: the Cavern Club ^ Miles 1997, p. 74: McCartney: "Nobody wants to play bass, or nobody did in those days".;Gould 2007, p. 89: On McCartney playing bass when Sutcliffe was indisposed., Gould 2007, p. 94: "Sutcliffe gradually began to withdraw from active participation in the Beatles, ceding his role as the group's bassist to Paul McCartney". ^ Spitz 2005, pp. 249–251. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 84–88. ^ Lewisohn 1992, p. 59: "Love Me Do", Lewisohn 1992, p. 75: Replacing Best with Starr., Lewisohn 1992, pp. 88–94: "Beatlemania" in the UK., Lewisohn 1992, pp. 136–140: "Beatlemania" in the US; Miles 1997, p. 470: the cute Beatle; Spitz 2005, p. 330: Starr joining the Beatles in August 1962. ^ a b c d Lewisohn 1992, pp. 350–351. ^ For song authorship see: Harry 2002, p. 90: "Can't Buy Me Love", Harry 2002, p. 439: "I Saw Her Standing There"; Harry 2000a, pp. 561–562: "I Want to Hold Your Hand"; and MacDonald 2005, pp. 66–68: "I Saw Her Standing There", MacDonald 2005, pp. 83–85: "She Loves You", MacDonald 2005, pp. 99–103: "I Want to Hold Your Hand", MacDonald 2005, pp. 104–107: "Can't Buy Me Love", MacDonald 2005, pp. 171–172; For release dates, US and UK peak chart positions of the preceding songs see: Lewisohn 1992, pp. 350–351. ^ Buk 1996, p. 51: Their first recording that involved only a single band member; Gould 2007, p. 278: The group's first recorded use of classical music elements in their music. ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 157–158: "Yesterday" as the most covered song in history. ^ MacDonald 2005, p. 172. ^ Levy 2005, p. 18: Rubber Soul is described by critics as an advancement of the band's music; Brown & Gaines 2002, pp. 181–82: As they explored facets of romance and philosophy in their lyrics. ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 169–170: "In My Life" as a highlight of the Beatles catalogue.; Spitz 2005, p. 587: Both Lennon and McCartney have claimed lead authorship for "In My Life". ^ The Beatles 2000, p. 197. ^ Harry 2000b, p. 780. ^ Gould 2007, p. 348. ^ MacDonald 2005, p. 195: The first of three consecutive McCartney A-sides; Lewisohn 1992, pp. 350–351: Revolver's release was preceded by "Paperback Writer". ^ The Beatles 2000, p. 214: "the forerunner of videos"; Lewisohn 1992, pp. 221–222: The films aired on The Ed Sullivan Show and Top of the Pops. ^ Gould 2007, p. 350: "neoclassical tour de force", Gould 2007, p. 402: "a true hybrid". ^ Harry 2002, pp. 313–316. ^ Everett 1999, p. 328. ^ Lewisohn 1992, p. 230. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 8. ^ Harry 2000a, p. 970. ^ Harry 2000a, p. 970: Rock's first concept album; MacDonald 2005, p. 254: McCartney sensed unease among the bandmates and wanted them to maintain creative productivity. ^ Miles 1997, p. 303: McCartney was inspired to create a new identity for the group. ^ Miles 1997, p. 303. ^ Lewisohn 1992, p. 232. ^ Emerick & Massey 2006, p. 170: Flanging and ADT use, Emerick & Massey 2006, p. 190: "we were utilising a lot of tape varispeeding", Emerick & Massey 2006, p. 192: "The Beatles were looking to go out on a limb". ^ Emerick & Massey 2006, p. 158: Martin and McCartney took turns conducting; Gould 2007, pp. 387–388: Recording "A Day in the Life" required a forty-piece orchestra. ^ Sounes 2010, pp. 161–162. ^ MacDonald 2005, p. 245. ^ Miles 1997, p. 333: On McCartney's design for the Sgt. Pepper cover (primary source); Sounes 2010, p. 168: On McCartney's design for the Sgt. Pepper cover (secondary source). ^ Gould 2007, pp. 391–395: The Sgt. Pepper cover attracted curiosity and analysis; Miles 1997, p. 333: On McCartney's design for the Sgt. Pepper cover (primary source); Sounes 2010, p. 168: On McCartney's design for the Sgt. Pepper cover (secondary source). ^ Gould 2007, pp. 391–395: The Sgt. Pepper cover featured the Beatles as the imaginary band alluded to in the album's title track, standing with a host of celebrities (secondary source); The Beatles 2000, p. 248: Standing with a host of celebrities (primary source). ^ The Beatles 2000, p. 236: The growing influence of hippie style on the Beatles; Gould 2007, p. 385: "spoofed the vogue in Britain for military fashions". ^ Kastan, David Scott (2006). Oxford encyclopedia of British literature. 1. Oxford University Press. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-19-516921-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=DlMUSz-hiuEC&dq.  ^ Wenner & George-Warren 2000, pp. 24–25. ^ Brown & Gaines 2002, p. 247. ^ a b Benitez 2010, pp. 8–9. ^ Lewisohn 1992, pp. 238–239. ^ Gould 2007, pp. 455–456. ^ Harry 2000a, p. 699. ^ Gould 2007, p. 487: Critical response; Lewisohn 1992, p. 278: Filming of the promotional trailer, Lewisohn 1992, p. 304: Yellow Submarine soundtrack release. ^ Lewisohn 1992, pp. 276–304. ^ Gould 2007, p. 470: Apple Corps formed as part of Epstein's business plan; Lewisohn 1992, p. 278: The Beatles' first Apple Records LP release. ^ Brown & Gaines 2002, p. 299: "We've been very negative since Mr. Epstein passed away"; Lewisohn 1992, pp. 276–304: The White Album, Lewisohn 1992, pp. 304–314: Let It Be. ^ Sounes 2010, pp. 171–172: Paul and Linda's first meeting; Sounes 2010, pp. 245–248: On their wedding; Sounes 2010, p. 261: On the birth of their first child Mary. ^ a b Gould 2007, p. 563. ^ Gould 2007, pp. 593–594. ^ Lewisohn 1992, p. 349: McCartney's departure from the Beatles (secondary source); Miles 1998, pp. 314–316: McCartney's departure from the Beatles (primary source); Spitz 2005, pp. 243, 819–821: Lennon's personal appointment of Klein, Spitz 2005, pp. 832–833: McCartney's disagreement with Lennon, Harrison and Starr over Klein's management of the Beatles. ^ Harry 2002, p. 753. ^ Roberts 2005, p. 54. ^ Lewisohn 1992, pp. 350–351: US and UK singles and album release dates with peak chart positions; Gould 2007, pp. 8–9: "one of the greatest phenomena in the history of mass entertainment", "widely regarded as the greatest concentration of singing, songwriting, and all-around musical talent that the rock'n'roll era has produced"; Spitz 2005, p. 856: "not anything like anything else ... vastness of talent ... of genius, incomprehensible". ^ For song authorship see: MacDonald 2005, pp. 333–334: "Get Back", MacDonald 2005, pp. 272–273: "Hello, Goodbye", MacDonald 2005, pp. 302–304: "Hey Jude", MacDonald 2005, pp. 337–338: "Let it Be", MacDonald 2005, pp. 339–341: "The Long and Winding Road"; For release dates, US and UK peak chart positions of the preceding songs see: Lewisohn 1992, pp. 350–351. ^ Lewisohn 2002, p. 29. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 556–563: McCartney; Blaney 2007, p. 31: McCartney, a US number one. ^ Roberts 2005, p. 312: Peak UK chart position and weeks on charts for McCartney. ^ Ingham 2009, pp. 105: Ram, 114–115: "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey"; McGee 2003, p. 245: Peak US chart positions for Ram. ^ Lewisohn 2002, p. 7. ^ McGee 2003, p. 245: Peak UK and US chart positions for Wild Life; Roberts 2005, p. 312: Peak UK chart position and weeks on chart for Wild Life. ^ Sounes 2010, pp. 287–288: Birth of Stella; Harry 2002, pp. 613–615: Stella McCartney. ^ Harry 2002, p. 845: "traveled across the UK"; Ingham 2009, p. 106: "Scrupulously avoiding Beatles songs". ^ Harry 2002, p. 845. ^ a b Harry 2002, p. 847. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 641–642: "My Love", Harry 2002, pp. 744–745: Red Rose Speedway; McGee 2003, p. 245: Peak US chart positions for Red Rose Speedway; Roberts 2005, p. 312: Peak UK chart position for Red Rose Speedway. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 515–516: "Live and Let Die"; Harry 2002, pp. 641–642: "My Love". ^ Benitez 2010, p. 50: "symphonic rock at its best"; Harry 2002, pp. 515–516: "Live and Let Die" US chart peak; Roberts 2005, p. 311: "Live and Let Die" UK chart peak. ^ Sounes 2010, p. 304: Pyrotechnics; Sounes 2010, p. 329: Laser lighting display; Sounes 2010, p. 440: Performing "Live and Let Die" with pyrotechnics, 1993; Sounes 2010, pp. 512–513: Performing "Live and Let Die" with pyrotechnics, 2002. ^ a b McGee 2003, pp. 248–249. ^ Benitez 2010, pp. 51–60: Band on the Run; Roberts 2005, p. 312: Band on the Run a number-one album in the UK with 124 weeks on the charts. ^ McGee 2003, p. 60. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 53–54: "Band on the Run" (single). ^ Benitez 2010, p. 57: "Helen Wheels", Benitez 2010, p. 58: Positive critical response to Band on the Run; Harry 2002, pp. 466–467: Jet; Levy 2005, p. 203: the 413th spot on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. ^ Benitez 2010, pp. 61–62. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 882–883: Venus and Mars, Harry 2002, pp. 910–911: Wings at the Speed of Sound; Roberts 2005, p. 312: Peak UK chart position for Venus and Mars. ^ McGee 2003, p. 245: NME ranking Wings at the Speed of Sound number 1, and the LP was number 1 on three charts in the US; Roberts 2005, p. 312: Peak UK chart position and weeks on charts for Wings at the Speed of Sound. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 116: "And for the first time, McCartney included songs associated with the Beatles, something he'd been unwilling to do previously"; Harry 2002, pp. 848–850: Wings Over the World Tour; Ingham 2009, p. 107: "featuring a modest handful of McCartney's Beatle tunes"; McGee 2003, p. 85: "Paul decided it would be a mistake not to ... a few Beatles songs." ^ Harry 2002, pp. 912–913: Wings over America; Lewisohn 2002, p. 83: "After extensive rehearsals in London". ^ Carlin 2009, pp. 247–248: Birth of James; Doggett 2009, p. 264: one of the best-selling singles in UK chart history. ^ Ingham 2009, pp. 107–108: "Mull of Kintyre"; Benitez 2010, p. 86: "the biggest hit of McCartney's career". ^ Harry 2002, pp. 840–841: Thrillington Hipgnosis cover art; Lewisohn 2002, p. 168: Thrillington. ^ Blaney 2007, pp. 122–125. ^ Benitez 2010, p. 79. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 42–43: Back to the Egg, Harry 2002, pp. 530–532: London Town, Harry 2002, pp. 758–760: the Rockestra; Ingham 2009, p. 108: London Town and Back to the Egg; McGee 2003, p. 245: Back to the Egg certified platinum. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 845–851: Wings tours details, Harry 2002, pp. 850–851: Wings UK Tour 1979; Ingham 2009, p. 108: Wings UK Tour 1979. ^ Harry 2002, p. 578: He composed all the music and performed the instrumentation himself; Lewisohn 2002, p. 167: McCartney II a UK number-one, and a US top-five. ^ Benitez 2010, pp. 100–103: McCartney II; Blaney 2007, pp. 136–137: "Coming Up". ^ Benitez 2010, pp. 96–97. ^ Benitez 2010, pp. 96–97: On Wings' April dissolution, McCartney fearing for his personal safety and the commercial disappointment of Back to the Egg; Blaney 2007, p. 132: "Back to the Egg spent only eight weeks in the British charts, the shortest chart run of any Wings album".; Doggett 2009, pp. 276: "Paul is doing other things, that's all".; George-Warren 2001, p. 626: McCartney's reluctance to tour for fear of his personal safety; McGee 2003, p. 144: On McCartney's reluctance to tour out of fear for his personal safety, and Laine's statement that this was a significant contributing factor to Wings' dissolution. ^ Ingham 2009, pp. 109–110: Wings disbanded in 1981; McGee 2003, p. 245: US and UK chart positions of Wings' LPs; Harry 2002, pp. 904–910: Wings, 912–913: Wings over America; Lewisohn 2002, p. 163: one of few live albums ever to achieve the top spot in America. ^ McGee 2003, pp. 244–245: Wings' US and UK singles and albums chart positions; Harry 2002, pp. 511–512: "Listen to What the Man Said", 788: "Silly Love Songs" ^ Harry 2002, p. 311: "Ebony and Ivory"; Harry 2002, pp. 361–362: "The Girl Is Mine"; Harry 2002, p. 820: Eric Stewart. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 153. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 720–722: Pipes of Peace album and song., Harry 2002, pp. 776–777: "Say Say Say"; Roberts 2005, p. 311: Last UK number one single; For the peak US chart position of Pipes of Peace see: Blaney 2007, p. 159. ^ For the RIAA database see: "RIAA: Searchable Database". the Recording Industry Association of America. http://riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?content_selector=gold-platinum-searchable-database. Retrieved 24 June 2012. ; Roberts 2005, p. 312: Peak UK chart position and weeks on charts for Pipes of Peace; Blaney 2007, p. 159: US chart peak for Pipes of Peace. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 365–374: Give My Regards to Broad Street (film); Harry 2002, p. 817: Starr in Give My Regards to Broad Street. ^ Ebert, Roger (1 January 1984). "Give My Regards to Broad Street review". Chicago Sun-Times. http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19840101/REVIEWS/401010342/1023. Retrieved 9 July 2012.  ^ Blaney 2007, p. 167: Peak US chart position for "No More Lonely Nights", (number 6); Graff 2000, p. 40: Gilmour on guitar; Harry 2002, pp. 368–369: "No More Lonely Nights". ^ Blaney 2007, p. 171. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 171: Peak US and UK chart positions for "Spies Like Us"; Benitez 2010, p. 117: "Became a top-ten hit for McCartney"; Roberts 2005, p. 311: Peak UK chart position for "Spies Like Us". ^ Sounes 2010, pp. 402–403. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 177. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 177: Peak UK and US chart positions for Press to Play; Roberts 2005, p. 8: Peak UK chart position for Press to Play. ^ Harry 2002, p. 100: Снова в СССР; Harry 2002, p. 728: Press to Play; Harry 2002, p. 820: Eric Stewart. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 327–328. ^ Roberts 2005, pp. 688–689. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 272–273: Elvis Costello; Harry 2002, pp. 337–338: Flowers in the Dirt. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 191: Peak US chart position for "Flowers in the Dirt" (#21); Roberts 2005, p. 312: Peak UK chart position for "Flowers in the Dirt" (#1). ^ Harry 2002, p. 851: the Paul McCartney World Tour band; Sounes 2010, pp. 420–421: the Paul McCartney World Tour band. ^ Harry 2002, p. 851. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 201. ^ a b Sounes 2010, p. 512. ^ Harry 2002, p. 851: his first in over a decade, Harry 2002, p. 852: the longest ever for an ex-Beatle, highest grossing show of the year award. ^ Badman 1999, p. 444. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 526–528: Liverpool Oratorio. ^ a b Harry 2002, p. 528. ^ Rothstein, Edward (20 November 1991). "Review/Music; McCartney's 'Liverpool Oratorio'". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/20/arts/review-music-mccartney-s-liverpool-oratorio.html?src=pm. Retrieved 11 June 2012.  ^ a b Benitez 2010, p. 134. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 210. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 873–874: Unplugged: the Official Bootleg. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 205. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 332–334. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 656. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 215. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 685–686, 687: The New World Tour. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 219. ^ Sounes 2010, p. 429. ^ Everett 1999, p. 282. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 218–219. ^ Sounes 2010, p. 458: Honorary Fellowship, Sounes 2010, p. 477: McCartney; "Yeah, it's kind of amazing for somebody who doesn't read a note of music"; Harry 2002, pp. 226–227: Knighthood. ^ Blaney 2007, pp. 224. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 223: The peak UK chart position for "Young Boy", Blaney 2007, p. 224: Starr on "Beautiful Night", Blaney 2007, p. 225: Peak US chart position for Flaming Pie; Roberts 2005, p. 311: Peak UK chart position for "Young Boy", Roberts 2005, p. 312: Peak UK chart position for Flaming Pie. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 229. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 335–336: Flaming Pie; Harry 2002, p. 807: Standing Stone; Harry 2002, p. 770: Rushes ^ a b Blaney 2007, p. 241. ^ Graff 2000, p. 40; Harry 2002, pp. 593–595: Linda's battle with cancer., Harry 2002, pp. 765–766: Run Devil Run. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 350–351: "Choral"; George-Warren 2001, pp. 626–627: "Classical". ^ Harry 2002, p. 238: "as a solo artist"; Harry 2002, pp. 710–711: Working Classical; Harry 2002, pp. 756–758: McCartney's Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 38, 242: Music fellowship; Harry 2002, pp. 528–529: Liverpool Sound Collage. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 268–270: The Concert for New York City; Harry 2002, pp. 346–347: "Freedom". ^ Blaney 2007, p. 255. ^ Benitez 2010, p. 15: New band details; Sounes 2010, pp. 510–511: New band details. ^ Sounes 2010, pp. 517–518. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 261: Peak US chart position for Back in the U.S.; Roberts 2005, p. 312: Peak UK chart position for Back in the World. ^ For tour box office gross see: Waddell, Ray (28 December 2002). "The Top Tours of 2002: Veterans rule the roost, with Sir Paul leading the pack". Billboard. http://books.google.com/books?id=RA0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA60&dq=billboard+box+office+2002+gross+world+mccartney&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3UIST-zwI4bnsQLxyOXQAw&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=billboard%20box%20office%202002%20gross%20world%20mccartney&f=false. Retrieved 12 June 2012. . ^ Harry 2002, pp. 577: McCartney's marriage to Mills; Doggett 2009, pp. 332–333: Concert for George. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 825–826: McCartney performing at Super Bowl XXXVI in 2002; Sandford 2006, p. 396: McCartney performing at Super Bowl XXXIX in 2005. ^ "Ex-Beatle granted coat of arms". BBC News. 22 December 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/2599041.stm. Retrieved 1 July 2012.  ^ a b Sounes 2010, p. 523. ^ a b Blaney 2007, pp. 268–269. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 268. ^ Molenda 2005, pp. 68–70. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 269: Peak UK and US chart positions for "Fine Line"; Blaney 2007, p. 271: Peak UK and US chart positions for Chaos and Creation in the Backyard; Blaney 2007, p. 274: Peak UK chart position for "Jenny Wren". ^ For the 30 November 2005 Los Angeles setlist see: "Paul McCartney: The US Tour". paulmcartney.com. http://www.paulmccartney.com/web/guest/tour-details?p_p_id=archivedtourdate_WAR_Toursportlet&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&p_p_col_id=column-1&p_p_col_count=1&p_r_p_564233524_tag=tour_date-us+tour-los+angeles2&_archivedtourdate_WAR_Toursportlet_tourDateId=66563&#p_archivedtourdate_WAR_Toursportlet. Retrieved 24 June 2012. ; For the Billboard boxscores see:Waddell, Ray (5 August 2006). "Top Tours Take Center Stage". Billboard. http://books.google.com/books?id=jA0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA30&dq. Retrieved 13 June 2012.  ^ a b Blaney 2007, p. 276. ^ Sounes 2010, p. 540–541. ^ "Memory Almost Full – Paul McCartney". Billboard. 23 June 2007. http://www.billboard.com/album/the-fireman/electric-arguments/1190371#/album/paul-mccartney/memory-almost-full/941650. Retrieved 2 July 2012.  ^ Sounes 2010, p. 559. ^ "Electric Arguments – the Fireman". Billboard. 13 December 2008. http://www.billboard.com/album/the-fireman/electric-arguments/1190371#. Retrieved 2 July 2012.  ^ "Paul McCartney Treats Liverpool to "A Day in the Life" Live Debut". Rolling Stone. 2 June 2008. Archived from the original on 1 July 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080701222334/http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2008/06/02/paul-mccartney-treats-liverpool-to-a-day-in-the-life-live-debut/. Retrieved 3 May 2012.  ^ "Paul McCartney Stuns Manhattan With Set on Letterman's Marquee". Rolling Stone. 16 July 2009. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/paul-mccartney-stuns-manhattan-with-set-on-lettermans-marquee-20090716. Retrieved 4 May 2012.  ^ For the 9 September 2009 remasters see: "The Beatles' Entire Original Recorded Catalogue Remastered by Apple Corps Ltd." (Press release). EMI. 7 April 2009. http://www.emimusic.com/news/2009/the-beatles-entire-original-recorded-catalogue-remastered-by-apple-corps-ltd-and-emi-music-for-worldwide-release-on-september-9-2009-9-9-09/. Retrieved 25 June 2012. ; For the Beatles: Rock Band see: Gross, Doug (4 September 2009). "Still Relevant After Decades, The Beatles Set to Rock 9 September 2009". CNN. http://www.cnn.com/2009/SHOWBIZ/Music/09/04/beatles.999/index.html. Retrieved 25 June 2012. . ^ Sounes 2010, p. 560. ^ Mervis, Scott (14 June 2010). "Paul McCartney sells out two shows at Consol". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/10165/1065544-100.stm. Retrieved 3 May 2012.  ^ For "among the last" of the classic rock catalogues available online see: La Monica, Paul R. (7 September 2005). "Hey iTunes, Don't Make It Bad...". CNNMoney.com. http://money.cnn.com/2005/09/07/technology/personaltech/beatles/index.htm. Retrieved 25 June 2012. ; For the Beatles catalogue available on iTunes see: Aswad, Jem (16 November 2010). "Beatles End Digital Boycott, Catalog Now on iTunes". Rolling Stone (New York). http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/beatles-end-digital-boycott-catalog-now-on-itunes-20101116. Retrieved 17 November 2010. . ^ "Paul McCartney: Ocean's Kingdom". paulmcartney.com. http://www.paulmccartney.com/web/guest/album-details?p_p_id=AlbumDetails_WAR_AlbumDetailsportlet&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&p_r_p_564233524_tag=album-oceans+kingdom. Retrieved 26 June 2012.  ^ a b "Sir Paul McCartney marrying for the third time". BBC News. 9 October 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-15230730. Retrieved 5 May 2012.  ^ For Kisses on the Bottom see: "Paul McCartney: Kisses On The Bottom". paulmccartney.com. http://www.paulmccartney.com/web/guest/album-details?p_p_id=AlbumDetails_WAR_AlbumDetailsportlet&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&p_p_col_id=column-1&p_p_col_count=1&p_r_p_564233524_tag=album-kisses+on+the+bottom&#p_AlbumDetails_WAR_AlbumDetailsportlet#TOP. Retrieved 26 June 2012. ; For McCartney's MusiCares award, and his performance at the 54th Grammy Awards see: "Paul McCartney Is 2012 MusiCares Person Of The Year". grammy.com. 13 September 2011. http://www.grammy.com/news/paul-mccartney-is-2012-musicares-person-of-the-year. Retrieved 3 May 2012.  ^ For the Billboard boxscores on the Mexico City shows see: "Charts:Current Box Score". Billboard. http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/currentboxscore.jsp. Retrieved 13 June 2012.  ^ For the 8 May 2012 Mexico City setlist see: "Paul McCartney: On the Run". paulmcartney.com. http://www.paulmccartney.com/web/guest/tour-details?p_p_id=archivedtourdate_WAR_Toursportlet&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&p_p_col_id=column-1&p_p_col_count=1&p_r_p_564233524_tag=tour_date-on+the+run-mexico+city&_archivedtourdate_WAR_Toursportlet_tourDateId=3545824&. Retrieved 24 June 2012. . ^ English, Rebecca (4 June 2012). "'Thanks for making us all so proud to be British': Prince Charles pays moving and personal tribute to 'Mummy' the Queen at spectacular Buckingham Palace Diamond Jubilee Concert". Daily Mail. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2154539/Queens-Diamond-Jubilee-2012-concert-Cheryl-Cole-dazzles-elegant-strapless-gown-dramatic-fishtail-takes-stage-Gary-Barlow-Buckingham-Palace.html. Retrieved 5 June 2012.  ^ "Sir Paul to end London 2012 opening ceremony". BBC News. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-18329666. Retrieved 5 June 2012.  ^ "Paul McCartney Olympics Payment: Singer Paid One Pound ($1.57) For Big Gig". The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/30/paul-mccartney-olympics-payment_n_1720412.html. Retrieved 5 August 2012.  ^ MacDonald 2005, p. 12: Natural melodist, MacDonald 2005, p. 13: Perfect pitch and an acute pair of ears. ^ Bacon & Morgan 2006, p. 8. ^ Bacon & Morgan 2006, p. 28. ^ a b c Jisi 2005, p. 42. ^ Bacon & Morgan 2006, pp. 38–39. ^ Mulhern 1990, p. 18: The influence of Motown and James Jamerson, Mulhern 1990, p. 22: Stanley Clarke. ^ Sheff & Golson 1981, p. 142. ^ Babiuk & Bacon 2002, pp. 16–17: Höfner 500/1, Babiuk & Bacon 2002, pp. 44–45: Rickenbacker 4001, Babiuk & Bacon 2002, pp. 85–86, 92–93, 103, 116, 134, 140, 173, 175, 187, 211: Vox amplifiers; MacDonald 2005, p. 298: Fender Bassman. ^ a b Mulhern 1990, p. 19. ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 133–134: "She's a Woman"; Ingham 2009, p. 299: "began to come into its own". ^ Bacon & Morgan 2006, pp. 10, 44: Rubber Soul as the starting point for McCartney's bass improvement, Bacon & Morgan 2006, p. 98: "a high point in pop bass playing". ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 178–180. ^ Bacon & Morgan 2006, pp. 112–113. ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 196–198: "Rain". ^ Jisi 2005, p. 45–46. ^ a b c d e Mulhern 1990, p. 22. ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 157–158: "Yesterday", MacDonald 2005, pp. 174–175: "I'm Looking Through You", MacDonald 2005, pp. 175–176: "Michelle", MacDonald 2005, pp. 291–292: "Blackbird", MacDonald 2005, pp. 305–306: "Mother Nature's Son", MacDonald 2005, p. 308: "Rocky Raccoon", MacDonald 2005, p. 315: "I Will". ^ Molenda 2005, p. 79. ^ Babiuk & Bacon 2002, pp. 146–147, 152, 161, 164: Epiphone Texan; Babiuk & Bacon 2002, pp. 215, 218, 222, 239: Martin D-28. ^ Mulhern 1990, p. 23. ^ Babiuk & Bacon 2002, p. 149: "If I had to pick one electric guitar"; MacDonald 2005, pp. 166–167: "Drive My Car", "fiercely angular slide guitar solo". ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 200–201: "Taxman", MacDonald 2005, pp. 232–234: "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band", MacDonald 2005, pp. 234–235: "Good Morning Good Morning", MacDonald 2005, pp. 297–298: "Helter Skelter". ^ Benitez 2010, p. 68: "Call Me Back Again"; MacDonald 2005, p. 156: "I'm Down". ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 297–298: "Helter Skelter", MacDonald 2005, pp. 302–304: "Hey Jude". ^ Benitez 2010, p. 128: "Put It There", Benitez 2010, p. 138: "Hope of Deliverance"; Everett 1999, pp. 112–113: "When I'm Sixty-Four", Everett 1999, pp. 189–190: "Honey Pie". ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 133–134. ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 309–310: "Back in the U.S.S.R"., MacDonald 2005, p. 332: "I've Got a Feeling", a "raunchy, mid-tempo rocker" with a "robust and soulful" performance. ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 128–129: "Every Little Thing", MacDonald 2005, pp. 178–180: "She's a Woman", MacDonald 2005, pp. 205–206: "For No One", MacDonald 2005, pp. 227–232: "A Day In The Life", MacDonald 2005, pp. 272–273: "Hello, Goodbye", MacDonald 2005, pp. 275–276: "Lady Madonna", MacDonald 2005, pp. 337–338: "Let It Be", MacDonald 2005, pp. 239–241: "The Long and Winding Road", MacDonald 2005, pp. 302–304: "Hey Jude". ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 275–276: "Lady Madonna", MacDonald 2005, pp. 337–338: "Let It Be". ^ MacDonald 2005, p. 219. ^ MacDonald 2005, p. 357: "Maxwell's Silver Hammer"; Benitez 2010, p. 46: "Loup (1st Indian on the Moon)". ^ Ingham 2009, p. 117: "the most sensitive pop synthesizer touches"; Blaney 2007, p. 123: McCartney playing keyboards on "London Town". ^ MacDonald 2005, p. 309: "Wild Honey Pie", MacDonald 2005, pp. 309–310: "Back In The USSR", MacDonald 2005, pp. 310–311: "Dear Prudence", MacDonald 2005, p. 322: "Martha My Dear", MacDonald 2005, pp. 345–347: "The Ballad of John and Yoko". ^ Benitez 2010, p. 19: McCartney, Benitez 2010, p. 52: Band On The Run, Benitez 2010, p. 99: McCartney II; Molenda 2005, pp. 68–70: he played most of the instrumentation himself. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 217–218. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 219–220. ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 185–193: Tape loops used on "Tomorrow Never Knows"; Everett 1999, pp. 138–139: Tape loops used on "The Fool on the Hill". ^ The Beatles 2000, p. 21: "the Messiah has arrived!", (primary source); Spitz 2005, p. 41: "The Messiah had arrived", (secondary source). ^ Harry 2000a, pp. 140–141: Chuck Berry; Harry 2002, pp. 420–425: Buddy Holly, Harry 2002, p. 727: Elvis Presley; Mulhern 1990, p. 33: Carl Perkins and Little Richard; Spitz 2005, pp. 41, 92, 97, 124: Presley, Spitz 2005, pp. 131–133, 225, 538: Holly, Spitz 2005, pp. 134, 374, 446, 752: Berry. ^ Harry 2002, p. 727. ^ MacDonald 2005, pp. 66–67: "According to McCartney, the bassline was taken from "...I'm Talking About You"; Mulhern 1990, p. 18: McCartney: "I'm not gonna tell you I wrote the thing when Chuck Berry's bass player did; Miles 1997, p. 94: McCartney: "I played exactly the same notes as he did and it fitted our number perfectly". ^ Mulhern 1990, p. 33. ^ MacDonald 2005, p. 156: (secondary source); Miles 1997, p. 201: (primary source). ^ Harry 2002, pp. 420–425: "Buddy Holly Week" 1976–2001. ^ Carlin 2009, pp. 44–45. ^ a b Harry 2002, p. 307. ^ Miles 1997, p. 243. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 256–267. ^ Harry 2000a, pp. 549–550. ^ Miles 1997, p. 232. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 549–550. ^ Ingham 2009, p. 219. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 84. ^ Miles 1997, p. 266. ^ Sounes 2010, p. 453. ^ "McCartney art makes UK debut". BBC News. 29 September 2000. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/946175.stm. Retrieved 30 June 2000.  ^ "McCartney and Yoko art exhibitions, 20 October 2000". BBC News. 20 October 2000. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/981721.stm. Retrieved 3 May 2012. ; "Walker Gallery Exhibition: 24 May – 4 August 2002". liverpoolmuseums.org.uk. http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/walker/exhibitions/mccartney/home.asp. Retrieved 3 May 2012.  ^ Harry 2002, pp. 517–526. ^ Miles 1997, p. 12: "word power" (primary source); Spitz 2005, p. 82: "word power" (secondary source). ^ Horovitz, Michael (14 October 2006). "Roll over, Andrew Motion". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2001/mar/17/poetry.music. Retrieved 13 July 2009.  ^ McCartney & Mitchell 2001, p. 13. ^ Merritt, Stephanie (17 December 2005). "It took him years to write ...". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2005/dec/18/booksforchildrenandteenagers.features. Retrieved 3 May 2012.  ^ Harry 2002, p. 767. ^ "McCartney releases frog follow-up". BBC News. 29 February 2004. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3520421.stm. Retrieved 3 May 2012.  ^ Blaney 2007, p. 266. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 386–387: the Grateful Dead documentary, 789: "Lisa the Vegetarian", 862: Tropic Island Hum. ^ The Real Buddy Holly Story (DVD). White Star (copyright MPL Communications and BBC TV). 2004. ASIN B0002VGTBQ.  ^ Miles 1997, pp. 66–67. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 186–189. ^ Brown & Gaines 2002, p. 182: Habitual marijuana use by McCartney and the Beatles; Miles 1997, p. 190: Marijuana references in Beatles songs. ^ a b Miles 1997, pp. 67–68. ^ Miles 1997, p. 247. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 384–385. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 379–380: First LSD "trip", Miles 1997, p. 382: Second LSD "trip". ^ Brown & Gaines 2002, p. 228. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 386–387. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 300–307: Drugs. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 459–461. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 300–307. ^ Harry 2002, p. 306. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 880–882. ^ For McCartney's pledge to continue Linda's animal rights work see: "McCartney vows to keep animal rights torch alight". BBC News. 5 August 1998. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/145974.stm. Retrieved 29 January 2007. ; For McCartney ensuring that Linda McCartney Foods remained GMO free, see: "GM-free ingredients". BBC News. 10 June 1999. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/365947.stm. Retrieved 3 January 2010.  ^ For McCartney becoming a patron of Adopt-A-Minefield see: "McCartney calls for landmine ban". BBC News. 20 April 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1287128.stm. Retrieved 3 January 2010. ; For McCartney wearing an anti-landmines T-shirt during the Back in the World tour see: "McCartney divorce battle: The full judgement part 2". Daily Mail. 18 March 2008. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-538255/McCartney-divorce-battle-The-judgement-2.html. Retrieved 12 May 2012.  ^ "Interview transcript, McCartney and Heather, Larry King Live, Seal cull". CNN. 3 March 2006. http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0603/03/lkl.01.html. Retrieved 22 May 2010.  ^ "Make Poverty History". http://www.makepovertyhistory.org/index.shtml?entry=cornerwhitebandsmallright&referrer=www.paulmccartney.com. Retrieved 2 December 2006.  ^ Harry 2002, pp. 270: Concerts for the People of Kampuchea, 327–328: "Ferry Cross the Mersey", 514–515: Live Aid; Roberts 2005, pp. 49: Band Aid & Band Aid 20, 187: Ferry Aid. ^ For the "US Campaign for Burma" see: "US campaign for Burma protest". BBC News. 20 June 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4110628.stm. Retrieved 5 May 2012. ; For the Aid Still Required CD see: "Aid Still Required". Aid Still Required. http://aidstillrequired.org/music. Retrieved 3 May 2012.  ^ Ellen, Barbara (17 July 2010). "Interview: Paul McCartney". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/jul/18/paul-mccartney-vegetarianism. Retrieved 11 May 2012.  ^ Lewisohn 1992, p. 261. ^ Miles 1997, p. 396. ^ Pareles, Jon (6 April 2009). "Just Say 'Om': The Fab Two Give a Little Help to a Cause". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/06/arts/music/06mcca.html. Retrieved 17 July 2009.  ^ For McCartney's support of Everton, see: "Macca's a blue". Everton Football Club. http://www.evertonfc.com/news/archive/macca-s-a-blue.html. Retrieved 8 March 2010. ; For McCartney's support of Liverpool, see: "Did The Beatles Hide Their Footballing Love Away?". Haymarket Media Group. http://stage.hn.haymarketnetwork.com/editorial/features/didthebeatleshidetheirfootballingloveaway.aspx. Retrieved 6 May 2012.  ^ Prentice, David (5 July 2008). "Sir Paul McCartney's Everton 'secret' was no surprise". Everton Banter. http://www.evertonbanter.co.uk/2008/07/sir-paul-mccartneys-everton-se.html. Retrieved 10 May 2012.  ^ Spitz 2005, p. 163. ^ Miles 1997, p. 69. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 171. ^ Spitz 2005, pp. 239–240. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 348. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 101–102. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 439. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 104–107: Living at the Asher home, 254: McCartney's move to his home in St. John's Wood. ^ Miles 1997, p. 108. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 27–32: Jane Asher, Harry 2002, pp. 777–778: Francie Schwartz. ^ Harry 2002, p. 585. ^ a b Harry 2002, p. 587. ^ Harry 2002, p. 45: Paul and Linda's first meeting, Harry 2002, p. 587: "Pushiness worked for me that night!"; Miles 1997, pp. 432–434: Linda's UK assignment to photograph rock musicians in London. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 514–515. ^ Miles 1997, p. 525. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 904–910. ^ a b c Lewisohn 2002, p. 45. ^ Blaney 2007, p. 84. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 585–601. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 600–601. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 568–578. ^ Sounes 2010, p. 532: Separation, Sounes 2010, p. 546: Divorce. ^ "McCartney's lament: I can't buy your love". Sydney Morning Herald. 12 June 2004. http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/06/11/1086749891275.html.  ^ Chan, Sewell (7 November 2007). "Former Beatle Linked to Member of M.T.A. Unit". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/07/nyregion/07beatle.html. Retrieved 5 May 2012.  ^ "Nancy Shevell – Vice President – Administration". NEMF.com. http://www.nemf.com/nancy.html. Retrieved 17 October 2011.  ^ Donohue, Pete; Connor, Tracy (25 January 2012). "Mrs. Paul McCartney quits MTA board". Daily News (New York). http://articles.nydailynews.com/2012-01-25/news/30665013_1_nancy-shevell-elimination-of-free-student-mta-board. Retrieved 15 September 2012.  ^ Sandford 2006, pp. 227–229. ^ Miles 1997, p. 587. ^ Miles 1997, p. 588. ^ Miles 1997, p. 590. ^ Harry 2002, pp. 504–505: On 24 April 1976, the two were watching Saturday Night Live, last time Lennon and McCartney spent time together; Miles 1997, p. 592: Lennon: "We nearly got a cab, but we were actually too tired". ^ Harry 2002, pp. 869–870. ^ Goodman, Joan. "Playboy Interview: Paul and Linda McCartney". Playboy 31, no. 12 (December 1984): 82.  ^ Graff 2000, p. 40: "John is kinda like a constant ... always there in my being", Graff 2000, p. 96: "in my soul, so I always think of him". ^ Carlin 2009, pp. 255–257. ^ a b c d Harry 2002, p. 505. ^ Miles 1997, p. 594. ^ Harry 2002, p. 506. ^ Harry 2002, p. 20. ^ Everett 1999, p. 10. ^ Glazer, Mitchell. "Growing Up at 33⅓: The George Harrison Interview". Crawdaddy (February 1977): 35–36.  ^ Poole, Oliver; Davies, Hugh (1 December 2001). "I'll always love him, he's my baby brother, says tearful McCartney". The Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1363989/Ill-always-love-him-hes-my-baby-brother-says-tearful-McCartney.html. Retrieved 4 May 2012.  ^ Doggett 2009, pp. 332–333. ^ Harry 2003, pp. 138–139. ^ a b Harry 2002, p. 815. ^ Brown & Gaines 2002, p. 289. ^ Harry 2002, p. 816; Miles 1997, p. 495: "Paul ticked Ringo off over a fluffed tom-tom fill. They had already argued about how the drum part should be played ... and Paul's criticisms finally brought matters to a head"; MacDonald 2005, p. 310: "The ill-feeling ... finally erupted ... after an argument with McCartney over the drum part". ^ Lewisohn 1992, p. 296. ^ Harry 2002, p. 816. ^ Blaney 2007, pp. 279–281. ^ Gardner, Elysa (6 April 2009). "McCartney, Starr reunite for Lynch Foundation benefit". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2009-04-05-paul-ringo_N.htm. Retrieved 1 July 2012.  ^ Kreps, Daniel (19 November 2009). "Ringo Starr Recruits Paul McCartney for New Album "Y Not"". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2009/11/19/ringo-starr-recruits-paul-mccartney-for-new-album-y-not/. Retrieved 1 July 2012.  ^ Greene, Andy (7 July 2012). "Paul McCartney Surprises Fans at Ringo Birthday Gig". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/paul-mccartney-surprises-fans-at-ringo-birthday-gig-20100707. Retrieved 2 August 2012.  ^ a b Harry 2002, pp. 388–389. ^ Glenday 2008, p. 168. ^ For McCartney's number-one singles with the Beatles and Wings see: "Most No. 1s By Artist (All-Time)". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/specials/hot100/charts/most-no1s-overall.shtml. Retrieved 3 May 2012. ; Bronson 1992, p. 150: "A World Without Love" performed by Peter and Gordon, Bronson 1992, p. 388: "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds" performed by Elton John, Bronson 1992, p. 581: "Say Say Say" with Michael Jackson, Bronson 1992, p. 808: McCartney's thirty-two Billboard Hot 100 number-ones. ^ "Top Selling Artists". RIAA. http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinum.php?content_selector=top-selling-artists. Retrieved 7 July 2012.  ^ Roberts 2005, p. 49: Band Aid & Band Aid; Roberts 2005, pp. 20, 54–55: the Beatles; Roberts 2005, p. 187: Ferry Aid; Roberts 2005, pp. 311–312: Solo, Wings, Stevie Wonder and "The Christians et all". ^ Roberts 2005, pp. 398–400. ^ Roberts 2005, pp. 311–312. ^ For 2,200 recorded versions see: "Sir Paul is Your Millennium's greatest composer". BBC News. 3 May 1999. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/334373.stm. Retrieved 3 May 2012. ; "Most Recorded Song". Guinness World Records. Archived from the original on 10 September 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060910071729/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/content_pages/record.asp?recordid=50867. Retrieved 9 June 2012. ; MacDonald 2005, p. 157: "the most 'covered' song in history"; For "Yesterday" airing more than seven million times on American TV and radio see: "McCartney's Yesterday earns US accolade". BBC News. 17 December 1999. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/569537.stm. Retrieved 3 May 2012.  ^ Bronson 1992, p. 247. ^ Sounes 2010, p. 223. ^ Harry 2000a, pp. 516–518. ^ "Minor planet number 4148 has been named in honor of former Beatle Paul McCartney". IAU Minor Planet Center. http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iau/special/rocknroll/0004148.html. Retrieved 9 March 2010.  ^ For the Brit Award, see: "Sir Paul McCartney picks up special Brit award in London". NME. 20 February 2008. http://www.nme.com/news/brit-awards-2008/34542/. Retrieved 3 May 2012. ; For the honorary degree from Yale, see: "Yale gives Paul McCartney honorary music degree". USA Today. 26 May 2008. http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/2008-05-26-3778562167_x.htm. Retrieved 3 May 2012. . ^ Pareles, Jon (2 June 2010). "McCartney Is Honored at White House". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/03/arts/music/03mccartney.html?src=mv. Retrieved 4 May 2012.  ^ Becker, Bernie; Southall, Ashley (5 December 2010). "Glittering Tributes for Winners of Kennedy Center Honors". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/06/us/06honors.html/. Retrieved 7 July 2012.  ^ McGee 2003, pp. 227–230: Wings Grammy awards; For McCartney's solo Grammy awards see: "Paul McCartney wins Grammy for "Helter Skelter"". Reuters. 13 February 2011. http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/02/13/us-grammys-mccartney-idUSTRE71C2LC20110213. Retrieved 7 July 2012. . ^ Sinha, Piya (9 February 2012). "Paul McCartney finally gets Walk of Fame star". Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/02/10/us-paulmccartney-star-idUSTRE81902K20120210. Retrieved 9 February 2012.  ^ "Sunday Times Rich List 2010: Music millionaires". The Daily Telegraph (UK). 24 April 2010. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/7628082/Sunday-Times-Rich-List-2010-Music-millionaires.html. Retrieved 15 July 2010.  ^ For MPL's ownership of over 25,000 songs see: "Sir Paul is 'pop billionaire'". BBC News. 6 January 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1745647.stm. Retrieved 13 July 2009. ; Harry 2002, pp. 630–632: MPL's ownership of Guys and Dolls, A Chorus Line, and Grease; Sounes 2010, p. 348: MPL's ownership of Annie. ^ "McCartney tops media rich list". BBC News. 30 October 2003. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/showbiz/3227171.stm. Retrieved 3 January 2010.  ^ "48 million in 2005". The Telegraph. 18 May 2006. Archived from the original on 7 May 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080507193103/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2006/05/18/nmacca18.xml. Retrieved 22 May 2010.  ^ McGee 2003, pp. 125–126. ^ Blaney 2007, pp. 287–297: McCartney's discography, with release label detail; Roberts 2005, pp. 311–312: McCartney discography with release label detail. ^ For McCartney's current record label see: Hermis, Will (7 February 2012). "Paul McCartney: Kisses on the Bottom". Rolling Stone: Reviews. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/kisses-on-the-bottom-20120207. Retrieved 25 June 2012. ; For his joining Hear as their first artist see: "McCartney joins Starbucks label". BBC News. 22 March 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6476843.stm. Retrieved 25 June 2012. . ^ Spitz 2005, p. 365. ^ Leeds, Jeff; Sorkin, Andrew Ross (13 April 2006). "Michael Jackson Bailout Said to Be Close". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/13/business/media/13music.html?ex=1302580800&en=45bff2f7a4da68fe&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss. Retrieved 26 June 2012.  ^ Harry 2002, pp. 456–459: McCartney was unhappy about Jackson's purchase and handling of Northern Songs; Southall & Perry 2006, p. 203: Northern Songs dissolved and absorbed into Sony/ATV. ^ Southall & Perry 2006, p. 195. ^ Harry 2002, p. 536: The only Beatles songs owned by MPL Communications; Southall & Perry 2006, pp. 192–193: McCartney acquired the publishing rights for "Love Me Do" and "P.S. I Love You". ^ "EX-BEATLE MCCARTNEY NOMINATED FOR LEGION OF HONOR". AP. http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/E/EU_FRANCE_MCCARTNEY_HONORED?SITE=AP&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT. Retrieved 4 September 2012.  ^ Harry 2002, pp. 845–851: Wings tours details; Lewisohn 2002, pp. 170–171: Wings tours dates. ^ For solo tour details see: "Paul McCartney: Tour archives". paulmccartney.com. http://www.paulmccartney.com/web/guest/tours-archive. Retrieved 4 July 2012. 

Sources

Babiuk, Andy; Bacon, Tony (editor) (2002). Beatles Gear: All the Fab Four's Instruments, from Stage to Studio (Revised ed.). Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-731-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=Eo743Uh2UOEC&dq.  Bacon, Tony; Morgan, Gareth (2006). Paul McCartney – Bass Master – Playing the Great Beatles Basslines (1st ed.). Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-884-1. http://books.google.com/books?id=V-BG7p7xPTQC&dq.  Badman, Keith (1999). The Beatles After the Breakup 1970–2000: A Day-by-Day Diary (2001 ed.). Omnibus. ISBN 978-0-7119-8307-6.  Benitez, Vincent Perez (2010). The Words and Music of Paul McCartney: The Solo Years. Praeger. ISBN 978-0-313-34969-0. http://books.google.com/books?id=bYxJWNiLO94C&dq.  Blaney, John (2007). Lennon and McCartney: Together Alone (1st ed.). Jawbone Press. ISBN 978-1-906002-02-2.  Bronson, Fred (1992). The Billboard Book of Number One Hits (3rd revised ed.). Billboard Books. ISBN 978-0-8230-8298-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=PgGqNrqfrsoC&dq.  Brown, Peter; Gaines, Steven (2002). The Love You Make: An Insider's Story of The Beatles. New American Library. ISBN 978-0-451-20735-7. http://books.google.com/books?id=tVht7mPxbeAC&dq.  Buk, Askold (1996). "Strum Together". Guitar World: Acoustic (17).  Carlin, Peter Ames (2009). Paul McCartney: A Life. Touchstone. ISBN 978-1-4165-6209-2. http://books.google.com/books?id=W8R4LS2LYxYC&dq.  Doggett, Peter (2009). You Never Give Me Your Money: The Beatles After the Breakup (1st US hardcover ed.). Harper. ISBN 978-0-06-177446-1. http://books.google.com/books?id=luOMJFxe-bYC&dq.  Emerick, Geoff; Massey, Howard (2006). Here, There and Everywhere: My Life Recording the Music of The Beatles. Gotham. ISBN 978-1-59240-269-4. http://books.google.com/books?id=WOk8TP8o018C&dq.  Everett, Walter (1999). The Beatles as Musicians: Revolver through the Anthology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-512941-0. http://books.google.ca/books?id=eTkHAldi4bEC&lpg=PP1&dq.  George-Warren, Holly (editor) (2001). The Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll (2005 revised and updated ed.). Fireside. ISBN 978-0-7432-9201-6.  Gould, Jonathan (2007). Can't Buy Me Love: The Beatles, Britain and America (First Paperback ed.). Three Rivers Press. ISBN 978-0-307-35338-2. http://books.google.com/books?id=gTAjZ235qfsC&dq.  Graff, Gary (January 2000). "Yesterday & Today". Guitar World 20 (1).  Glenday, Craig (editor) (2008). Guinness World Records 2009. ISBN 978-1-904994-37-4.  Harry, Bill (2000a). The Beatles Encyclopedia: Revised and Updated. Virgin. ISBN 978-0-7535-0481-9.  Harry, Bill (2003). The George Harrison Encyclopedia. Virgin. ISBN 978-0-7535-0822-0.  Harry, Bill (2000b). The John Lennon Encyclopedia. Virgin. ISBN 978-0-7535-0404-8.  Harry, Bill (2002). The Paul McCartney Encyclopedia. Virgin. ISBN 978-0-7535-0716-2.  Ingham, Chris (2009). The Rough Guide to The Beatles (3rd ed.). Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-84836-525-4.  Jisi, Chris (October 2005). "He Can Work It Out". Bass Player 16 (10).  Levy, Joe (editor) (2005). Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time (First Paperback ed.). Wenner Books. ISBN 978-1-932958-61-4.  Lewisohn, Mark (1992). The Complete Beatles Chronicle:The Definitive Day-By-Day Guide To The Beatles' Entire Career (2010 ed.). Chicago Review Press. ISBN 978-1-56976-534-0.  Lewisohn, Mark (editor) (2002). Wingspan: Paul McCartney's Band on the Run. Little, Brown. ISBN 978-0-316-86032-1.  MacDonald, Ian (2005). Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties (3rd (2007) ed.). Chicago Review Press. ISBN 978-1-55652-733-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=YJUWJhIbkccC&dq.  McCartney, Paul; Mitchell, Adrian (editor) (2001). Blackbird singing: Poems and Lyrics 1965–1999. W.W. Norton and Company Inc.. ISBN 978-0-393-02049-6.  McGee, Garry (2003). Band on the Run: A History of Paul McCartney and Wings. Taylor Trade. ISBN 978-0-87833-304-2. http://books.google.com/books?id=UG0IAQAAMAAJ&q.  Miles, Barry (1997). Paul McCartney: Many Years From Now (1st Hardcover ed.). Henry Holt & Company. ISBN 978-0-8050-5248-0. http://books.google.com/books?id=-eh8BedNtLgC&dq.  Miles, Barry (1998). The Beatles: A Diary—An Intimate Day by Day History (2009 ed.). JG Press. ISBN 978-1-57215-010-2.  Miles, Barry (2001). The Beatles Diary Volume 1: The Beatles Years. Omnibus. ISBN 978-0-7119-8308-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=trRB-lo4qR8C&dq.  Molenda, Michael (November 2005). "Here, There, and Everywhere". Guitar Player 39 (11).  Mulhern, Tom (July 1990). "Paul McCartney". Guitar Player 24, No.7 (246).  Roberts, David (editor) (2005). British Hit Singles & Albums (18 ed.). Guinness World Records Limited. ISBN 978-1-904994-00-8.  Sandford, Christopher (2006). McCartney. Carroll & Graf. ISBN 978-0-7867-1614-2.  Sheff, David; Golson, G. Barry (editor) (1981). The Playboy Interviews with John Lennon & Yoko Ono. Playboy Press. ISBN 0-87223-705-2.  Sounes, Howard (2010). Fab: An Intimate Life of Paul McCartney. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-81783-0. http://books.google.com/books?id=jQJk-qRy5IUC&dq.  Southall, Brian; Perry, Rupert (contributor) (2006). Northern Songs: The True Story of the Beatles Song Publishing Empire. Omnibus. ISBN 978-1-84609-237-4. http://books.google.com/books?id=HWSRvGfa3-sC&dq.  Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0-316-80352-6.  The Beatles (2000). The Beatles Anthology. Chronicle Books. ISBN 978-0-8118-3636-4. http://books.google.com/books?id=HWuQu8EMDKcC&dq.  Wenner, Jann; George-Warren, Holly (editor) (2000). Lennon Remembers. Verso. ISBN 1-85984-600-9. http://books.google.com/books?id=ymjy06WZnd4C&dq. 

Further reading

Barrow, Tony (2005). John, Paul, George, Ringo & Me: The Real Beatles Story. Thunder's Mouth. ISBN 1-56025-882-9. http://books.google.com/books?id=BNnzcGw8JQsC&dq.  Barrow, Tony (2004). Paul McCartney. Carlton Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84442-822-9.  Davies, Hunter (2009). The Beatles: The Authorized Biography (3rd revised ed.). W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-33874-4.  Gambaccini, Paul (1993). Paul McCartney: In His Own Words. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-86001-239-9. http://books.google.com/books?id=FikUAQAAIAAJ&q.  Gambaccini, Paul (1996). The McCartney Interviews: After the Break-Up (2 ed.). Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-7119-5494-6. http://books.google.com/books?id=xKPEyk1WXFUC&q.  Gracen, Jorie B. (2000). Paul McCartney: I Saw Him Standing There. Watson-Guptill Publications. ISBN 978-0-8230-8372-5.  Kirchherr, Astrid; Voormann, Klaus (1999). Hamburg Days. Guildford, Surrey: Genesis Publications. ISBN 978-0-904351-73-6.  Martin, George (1979). All You Need Is Ears. New York: St. Marten's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-11482-4. http://books.google.com/books?id=4Yoio9MewhcC&dq.  Martin, George; Pearson, William (1994). Summer of Love: The Making of Sgt. Pepper. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-60398-2.  Peel, Ian (2002). The Unknown Paul McCartney: McCartney and the avant-garde. Reynolds & Hearn. ISBN 978-1-903111-36-9. http://books.google.com/books?id=uS4UAQAAIAAJ&q.  Raymer, Miles (2010). How to Analyze the Music of Paul McCartney. Abdo Publishing Company. ISBN 978-1-61613-531-7. http://books.google.com/books?id=23jlYDQOz2sC&dq. 

External links

Book: Paul McCartney Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Paul McCartney

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Paul McCartney

Official website Paul McCartney's Animation Website Paul McCartney at the Internet Movie Database

  Paul McCartney v t e Paul McCartney Paul "Wix" Wickens Rusty Anderson Brian Ray Abe Laboriel, Jr. Linda McCartney Hamish Stuart Robbie McIntosh Chris Whitten Blair Cunningham Studio albums McCartney McCartney II Tug of War Pipes of Peace Give My Regards to Broad Street Press to Play Снова в СССР Flowers in the Dirt Off the Ground Flaming Pie Run Devil Run Driving Rain Chaos and Creation in the Backyard Memory Almost Full Kisses on the Bottom With Linda McCartney Ram With Wings Wild Life Red Rose Speedway Band on the Run Venus and Mars Wings at the Speed of Sound London Town Back to the Egg As The Fireman Strawberries Oceans Ships Forest Rushes Electric Arguments Live albums Wings over America Tripping the Live Fantastic Unplugged (The Official Bootleg) Paul Is Live Back in the U.S. Back in the World iTunes Festival: London Amoeba's Secret Good Evening New York City Live in Los Angeles iTunes Live From Capitol Studios Compilations Wings Greatest Cold Cuts (unreleased) All the Best! The Paul McCartney Collection Wingspan: Hits and History Experimental albums Thrillington Liverpool Sound Collage Twin Freaks Classical albums The Family Way Paul McCartney's Liverpool Oratorio Standing Stone Working Classical Ecce Cor Meum Ocean's Kingdom Tours Wings University Tour Wings Over Europe Tour Wings 1973 UK Tour Wings Over the World tour Wings UK Tour 1979 The Paul McCartney World Tour Unplugged Tour 1991 The New World Tour The Concert for New York City Driving World Tour Back in the World tour 2004 Summer Tour The 'US' Tour Summer Live '09 Good Evening Europe Tour Up and Coming Tour On the Run Tour Filmography A Hard Day's Night Help! Magical Mystery Tour Yellow Submarine Let It Be James Paul McCartney (1973) Wings Over the World (1979) Rockestra (unreleased) (1979) Concert for Kampuchea (1980) Rockshow (1980) Back To The Egg (1981) Give My Regards to Broad Street (1984) Get Back (1991) Paul Is Live – The New World Tour (1993) In the World Tonight (1997) Live at the Cavern Club (1999) Wingspan (2001) Back in the U.S. (2002) Paul McCartney in Red Square (2005) Between Chaos and Creation (2005) Chaos and Creation at Abbey Road (2005) The Space Within US (2006) The McCartney Years (2007) Good Evening New York City (2009) The Love We Make (2011) Related articles Discography The Beatles Linda McCartney Heather Mills MPL Communications Paul is dead Awards Music contributions and appearances Paul McCartney concerts Maxi-singles Paul McCartney's Glastonbury Groove "Lisa the Vegetarian" Book Category v t e Paul McCartney singles discography 1970s 1971 "Another Day" / "Oh Woman, Oh Why" "Uncle Albert/Admiral Halsey" / "Too Many People" "The Back Seat of My Car" / "Heart of the Country" "Eat at Home" / "Smile Away" 1972 "Give Ireland Back to the Irish" "Mary Had a Little Lamb" / "Little Woman Love" "Hi, Hi, Hi" / "C Moon" 1973 "My Love" "Live and Let Die" / "I Lie Around" "Helen Wheels" / "Country Dreamer" "Jet" "Jet" / "Let Me Roll It" "Mrs Vandebilt" / "Bluebird" 1974 "Band on the Run" "Zoo Gang" "Nineteen Hundred and Eighty-Five" "Junior's Farm" / "Sally G" 1975 "Listen to What the Man Said" "Letting Go" / "You Gave Me the Answer" "Venus and Mars/Rock Show" / "Magneto and Titanium Man" 1976 "Silly Love Songs" "Let 'Em In" / "Beware My Love" 1977 "Maybe I'm Amazed" (live) / "Soily" (live) "Mull of Kintyre" / "Girls' School" 1978 "With a Little Luck" "I've Had Enough" "London Town" 1979 "Goodnight Tonight" / "Daytime Nighttime Suffering" "Old Siam, Sir" "Getting Closer" "Getting Closer" "Arrow Through Me" / "Old Siam, Sir" "Wonderful Christmastime" 1980s 1980 "Coming Up" "Waterfalls" "Temporary Secretary" 1982 "Ebony and Ivory" "Take It Away" "Tug of War" "The Girl Is Mine" (with Michael Jackson) 1983 "Say Say Say" (with Michael Jackson) "Pipes of Peace" 1984 "No More Lonely Nights" "We All Stand Together" 1985 "Spies Like Us" 1986 "Press" "Pretty Little Head" "Stranglehold" "Only Love Remains" 1987 "Once Upon a Long Ago" 1989 "Ferry Cross the Mersey" "My Brave Face" / "Flying to My Home" "This One" "Où est le Soleil?" "Figure of Eight" 1990s 1990 "Put It There" / "Mama's Little Girl" "Birthday" (live) / "Good Day Sunshine" (live) "All My Trials" (live) / "C Moon" (live) 1993 "Hope of Deliverance" "C'Mon People" "Off the Ground" "Biker Like an Icon" 1997 "Young Boy" "The World Tonight" "Beautiful Night" 1999 "No Other Baby" / "Brown Eyed Handsome Man" 2000s 2001 "From a Lover to a Friend" "Freedom" / "From a Lover to a Friend" 2004 "Tropic Island Hum" / "We All Stand Together" 2005 "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" (with U2) "Fine Line" "Jenny Wren" "Really Love You" 2006 "This Never Happened Before" 2007 "Dance Tonight" / "Nod Your Head" "Ever Present Past" 2008 "Heal the Pain" (with George Michael) "Sing the Changes" 2009 "(I Want to) Come Home" "Walk with You" (with Ringo Starr) 2010s 2011 "My Valentine" 2012 "Only Our Hearts" Book Category v t e Wings Paul McCartney Linda McCartney Denny Laine Denny Seiwell Henry McCullough Jimmy McCulloch Geoff Britton Joe English Laurence Juber Steve Holley Studio albums Wild Life (1971) Red Rose Speedway (1973) Band on the Run (1973) Venus and Mars (1975) Wings at the Speed of Sound (1976) London Town (1978) Back to the Egg (1979) Live albums Wings over America (1976) Compilation albums Wings Greatest (1978) Cold Cuts (unreleased) Wingspan: Hits and History (2001) Singles "Give Ireland Back to the Irish" / "Give Ireland Back to the Irish (instrumental version)" (1972) "Mary Had a Little Lamb" / "Little Woman Love" (1972) "Hi, Hi, Hi" / "C Moon" (1972) "My Love" / "The Mess" (live) (1973) "Live and Let Die" / "I Lie Around" (1973) "Helen Wheels" / "Country Dreamer" (1973) "Jet" / "Mamunia" (1973) "Jet" / "Let Me Roll It" (1973) "Mrs Vandebilt" / "Bluebird (1973)" "Band on the Run" / "Zoo Gang" (UK) (1974) "Band on the Run" / "Nineteen Hundred and Eighty-Five" (US) (1974) "Junior's Farm" / "Sally G" (1974) "Walking in the Park with Eloise" / "Bridge Over the River Suite" (1974) "Listen to What the Man Said" / "Love in Song" (1975) "Letting Go" / "You Gave Me the Answer" (1975) "Venus and Mars/Rock Show" / "Magneto and Titanium Man" (1976) "Silly Love Songs" / "Cook of the House" (1976) "Let 'Em In" / "Beware My Love" (1977) "Maybe I'm Amazed" (live) / "Soily" (live) (1977) "Seaside Woman" / "B Side to Seaside" (1977) "Mull of Kintyre" / "Girls' School" (1978) "With a Little Luck" / "Backwards Traveler/Cuff-Link" (1978) "I've Had Enough" / "Deliver Your Children" (1978) "London Town" / "I'm Carrying" (1978) "Goodnight Tonight" / "Daytime Nighttime Suffering" (1979) "Old Siam, Sir" / "Spin It On" (1979) "Getting Closer" / "Baby's Request" (UK) (1979) "Getting Closer" / "Spin It On" (US) (1979) "Arrow Through Me" / "Old Siam, Sir" (1979) "Coming Up" / "Coming Up (Live at Glasgow)" / "Lunchbox/Odd-Sox" (1980) "Spies Like Us" / "My Carnival" (1985) "Put It There" / "Mama's Little Girl" / "Same Time Next Year" (1990) Tours Wings University Tour (1972) Wings Over Europe Tour (1972) Wings 1973 UK Tour (May 1973) Wings Over the World tour (1975-1976) Wings UK Tour 1979 (1979) Concerts for the People of Kampuchea (1979) Filmography Wings Over the World (1979) Concert for Kampuchea (1980) Rockshow (1980) Back To The Egg (1981) Paul McCartney - Wingspan - An Intimate Portrait (2001) Related articles Discography The Beatles Ginger Baker's Air Force The Moody Blues Suzy and the Red Stripes Small Faces Book:Paul McCartney Category:Paul McCartney v t e Paul McCartney Family Parents Jim McCartney: 1902–1976 Mary McCartney: 1909–1956 Siblings Mike McCartney: 1944- Ruth McCartney: 1960- Children Heather McCartney: 1962- Mary McCartney: 1969- Stella McCartney: 1971- James McCartney: 1977- Beatrice McCartney: 2003- Wives Lady Linda McCartney: 1941–1998 (1969-1998) Heather Mills: 1968- (2002-2008) Nancy Shevell 1961- (2011-) Relationships Dot Rhone 1940- (1959-1962) Jane Asher 1946- (1963-1968) Francie Schwartz 1944- (1968) v t e James Bond music Themes "James Bond Theme" (Monty Norman) "James Bond Is Back/From Russia with Love" (John Barry) "007 Theme" (John Barry) "On Her Majesty's Secret Service" (John Barry) "Bond 77" (Marvin Hamlisch) Soundtracks Dr. No From Russia with Love Goldfinger Thunderball You Only Live Twice On Her Majesty's Secret Service Diamonds Are Forever Live and Let Die The Man with the Golden Gun The Spy Who Loved Me Moonraker For Your Eyes Only Octopussy A View to a Kill The Living Daylights Licence to Kill GoldenEye Tomorrow Never Dies The World Is Not Enough Die Another Day Casino Royale Quantum of Solace Eon films themes "Kingston Calypso" "From Russia with Love" "Goldfinger" "Thunderball" "You Only Live Twice" "We Have All the Time in the World" "Diamonds Are Forever" "Live and Let Die" "The Man with the Golden Gun" "Nobody Does It Better" "Moonraker" "For Your Eyes Only" "All Time High" "A View to a Kill" "The Living Daylights" "Where Has Everybody Gone?" "Licence To Kill" "If You Asked Me To" "GoldenEye" "Tomorrow Never Dies" "The World Is Not Enough" "Die Another Day" "You Know My Name" "Another Way to Die" Non-Eon films themes "Casino Royale" "The Look of Love" "Never Say Never Again" Compilations Shaken and Stirred The Incredible World of James Bond The Best of Bond...James Bond Related articles Official secondary songs "If You Asked Me To" "Where Has Everybody Gone?"

  The Beatles v t e The Beatles John Lennon Paul McCartney George Harrison Ringo Starr Stuart Sutcliffe Pete Best History The Quarrymen In Hamburg At The Cavern Club Decca audition Beatlemania in the United Kingdom North American releases In the United States In 1966 More popular than Jesus The studio years In India Breakup Death of John Lennon Reunions Anthology Love (Cirque du Soleil) The Beatles: Rock Band Line-ups Religious beliefs Timeline Filmography and videography A Hard Day's Night Help! Magical Mystery Tour Yellow Submarine Let It Be The Beatles: The First U.S. Visit The Beatles at Shea Stadium The Compleat Beatles The Beatles Anthology All Together Now Live performances Winter 1963 Helen Shapiro UK Tour 1964 world tour 1965 European tour 1965 US tour 1966 US tour List of live performances Associated places 34 Montagu Square, Marylebone Abbey Road Abbey Road Studios The Bag O'Nails Beatlemania Hamburg Beatles-Platz Blue Angel The Casbah Coffee Club Candlestick Park The Cavern Club Kaiserkeller Kinfauns Savile Row Scotch of St James Stanley Street The Star-Club Strawberry Field Tittenhurst Park The Top Ten Club Wigmore Street Yellow Submarine sculpture Associated companies Apple Corps Apple Records Harrisongs Lingasong Records MPL Communications Northern Songs Parlophone Phillips' Sound Recording Services Seltaeb Sony/ATV Music Publishing Startling Music Influence Artists who have covered The Beatles Beatlemania British Invasion Fifth Beatle Influence on popular culture Jeff Lynne and The Beatles Recording technology The Rutles Tributes Lists Awards and nominations Bootlegs Cover songs Discography Instruments Post-breakup collaborations Record sales Recording sessions Songs Sgt. Pepper cover Related articles Apple Corps v Apple Computer Apple scruffs Around The Beatles Beatle boots The Beatles (TV series) The Beatles Anthology (book) Beatles Day The Beatles Illustrated Lyrics The Beatles Tapes from the David Wigg Interviews The Beeb's Lost Beatles Tapes The Ed Sullivan Show How I Won the War In My Life Lennon–McCartney Paul is dead Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (film) The Twelfth Album Up Against It Book Category Portal WikiProject v t e People associated with The Beatles Personnel Neil Aspinall Dave Dexter, Jr. Geoff Emerick Mal Evans Glyn Johns Bert Kaempfert Jeff Lynne Magic Alex Ken Mansfield George Martin Giles Martin Phil McDonald Ken Scott Norman Smith Phil Spector Alistair Taylor Chris Thomas Ken Townsend Peter Vince Businessmen Peter Bennett Sid Bernstein Peter Brown Lee Eastman Brian Epstein Dick James Allen Klein Larry Parnes Allan Williams Musicians Eric Clapton The Dirty Mac Donovan Bob Dylan Johnny Gentle Nicky Hopkins Johnny Hutchinson Mick Jagger Brian Jones Jim Keltner David Mason Tommy Moore Chas Newby Jimmie Nicol Harry Nilsson Peter and Gordon Plastic Ono Band Billy Preston Ronnie Scott Ravi Shankar Tony Sheridan Rory Storm and the Hurricanes Andy White Writers Tony Barrow Ray Connolly Hunter Davies Mark Lewisohn Alan W. Pollack Bruce Spizer Derek Taylor Girlfriends / wives Jane Asher Pattie Boyd Astrid Kirchherr Cynthia Lennon Linda McCartney Yoko Ono Francie Schwartz Maureen Starkey Parents / guardians Mona Best Alfred Lennon Julia Lennon Jim and Mary McCartney George Smith Mimi Smith Other Bill Harry Ken Brown George Dunning Horst Fascher The Fool Robert Freeman Bruno Koschmider Richard Lester Murray the K Pete Shotton Ivan Vaughan Jürgen Vollmer Klaus Voormann Maharishi Mahesh Yogi v t e The Beatles album discography Albums in the core catalogue are marked in bold. Studio albums Please Please Me With The Beatles A Hard Day's Night Beatles for Sale Help! Rubber Soul Revolver Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band The Beatles Yellow Submarine Abbey Road Let It Be US albums Introducing... The Beatles Meet The Beatles! The Beatles' Second Album Something New The Beatles' Story Beatles '65 The Early Beatles Beatles VI Yesterday and Today Magical Mystery Tour Hey Jude Canadian albums Beatlemania! With The Beatles Twist and Shout The Beatles' Long Tall Sally Extended plays Twist and Shout The Beatles' Hits The Beatles (No. 1) All My Loving Souvenir of Their Visit to America Four by The Beatles Long Tall Sally Extracts from the Film A Hard Day's Night Extracts from the Album A Hard Day's Night 4-by The Beatles Beatles for Sale Beatles for Sale (No. 2) The Beatles' Million Sellers Yesterday Nowhere Man Magical Mystery Tour Live albums The Beatles at the Hollywood Bowl Live at the BBC Compilations The Beatles' Christmas Album / From Then to You Past Masters Anthology vol. 1 2 3 Remixes Yellow Submarine Songtrack Let It Be... Naked Love Box sets The Beatles Collection The Beatles: The Collection The Beatles Box The Beatles Box Set The Capitol Albums vol. 1 2 The Beatles in Mono The Beatles Stereo Box Set v t e The Beatles compilation discography Bert Kaempfert recordings (with Tony Sheridan) My Bonnie (GER, 1962) The Beatles with Tony Sheridan & Guests (1964) Ain't She Sweet (1964) The Beatles' First (GER, 1964 / UK, 1967) Very Together (1969) In the Beginning (Circa 1960) (1970) The Early Tapes of The Beatles (1984) Beatles Bop – Hamburg Days (2001) Hits A Collection of Beatles Oldies (1966) 1962–1966 (1973) 1967–1970 (1973) 20 Greatest Hits (1982) The Number Ones (AUS, 1983) 1 (2000) Themes Rock 'n' Roll Music (1976) Love Songs (1977) The Beatles' Ballads (1980) Reel Music (1982) Tomorrow Never Knows (2012) Non-album tracks Hey Jude (US, 1970 / UK, 1979) Rarities (UK, 1978) Rarities (US, 1980) Past Masters, Volume One (1988) Past Masters, Volume Two (1988) Alternative versions Yellow Submarine Songtrack (1999) Let It Be... Naked (2003) Other Jolly What! / The Beatles & Frank Ifield on Stage (US, 1964) The Beatles in Italy (ITA, 1965) The Beatles' Christmas Album (US) / From Then to You (UK) (1970) Por Siempre Beatles (ARG, 1971) Love (2006) Unreleased Sessions (due date 1985) Live albums Live! at the Star-Club in Hamburg, Germany; 1962 (1977) The Beatles at the Hollywood Bowl (1977) First Live Recordings (1979) Live at the BBC (1994) Anthology Anthology 1 (1995) Anthology 2 (1996) Anthology 3 (1996) Boxed sets The Beatles Collection (UK, 1978 / US, 1979) The Beatles Box (1980) The Beatles: The Collection (1982) The Beatles Mono Collection (1982) The Beatles Box Set (1988) The Capitol Albums, Volume 1 (2004) The Capitol Albums, Volume 2 (2006) The Beatles Stereo Box Set (2009) The Beatles in Mono (2009) v t e The Beatles singles discography UK and US (all labels) 1963 "Please Please Me" / "Ask Me Why" "From Me to You" / "Thank You Girl" "She Loves You" / "I'll Get You" "I Want to Hold Your Hand" / "This Boy" (UK) - "I Saw Her Standing There" (US) 1964 "Can't Buy Me Love" / "You Can't Do That" "A Hard Day's Night" / "Things We Said Today" (UK) - "I Should Have Known Better" (US) "I Feel Fine" / "She's a Woman" 1965 "Ticket to Ride" / "Yes It Is" "Help!" / "I'm Down" "We Can Work It Out" / "Day Tripper" 1966 "Paperback Writer" / "Rain" "Yellow Submarine" / "Eleanor Rigby" 1967 "Penny Lane" / "Strawberry Fields Forever" "All You Need Is Love" / "Baby, You're a Rich Man" "Hello, Goodbye" / "I Am the Walrus" 1968 "Lady Madonna" / "The Inner Light" "Hey Jude" / "Revolution" 1969 "Get Back" / "Don't Let Me Down" "The Ballad of John and Yoko" / "Old Brown Shoe" "Something" / "Come Together" 1970 "Let It Be" / "You Know My Name (Look Up the Number)" 1978 "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band/With a Little Help from My Friends" / "A Day in the Life" 1995 "Free as a Bird" / "Christmas Time (Is Here Again)" 1996 "Real Love" / "Baby's in Black" UK only (Parlophone, Apple) 1962 "My Bonnie" / "The Saints" "Love Me Do" / "P.S. I Love You" 1964 "Ain't She Sweet" / "If You Love Me, Baby" 1976 "Yesterday" / "I Should Have Known Better" "Back in the U.S.S.R." / "Twist and Shout" US only (Vee-Jay, Swan, Tollie, Capitol, Apple) 1964 "Twist and Shout" / "There's a Place" "Do You Want to Know a Secret" / "Thank You Girl" "Love Me Do" / "P.S. I Love You "She Loves You" / "I'll Get You" "I'll Cry Instead" / "I'm Happy Just to Dance with You" "And I Love Her" / "If I Fell" "Matchbox" / "Slow Down" 1965 "Eight Days a Week" / "I Don't Want to Spoil the Party" "Yesterday" / "Act Naturally" 1966 "Nowhere Man" / "What Goes On" 1970 "The Long and Winding Road" / "For You Blue" 1976 "Got to Get You into My Life" / "Helter Skelter" "Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da" / "Julia" 1982 "The Beatles Movie Medley" / "I'm Happy Just to Dance with You" Other countries (Apple) 1968 "Ob-la-di, Ob-la-da" / "While My Guitar Gently Weeps" (Europe, Japan, Australia) "Ob-la-di, Ob-la-da" / "I Will" (Phillipines) "Back in the U.S.S.R." / "Don't Pass Me By" (Sweden) 1969 "You're Going to Lose That Girl" / "Tell Me What You See" (Japan) 1970 "Oh! Darling" / "Here Comes the Sun" (Japan) 1972 "All Together Now" / "Hey Bulldog" (Europe)

v t e Grammy Award for Song of the Year (1959 & 1960s) 1959 Domenico Modugno - "Volare" 1960 Jimmy Driftwood - "The Battle of New Orleans" 1961 Ernest Gold - "Theme from Exodus" 1962 Johnny Mercer & Henry Mancini - "Moon River" 1963 Leslie Bricusse & Anthony Newley - "What Kind of Fool Am I?" 1964 Johnny Mercer & Henry Mancini - "Days of Wine and Roses" 1965 Jerry Herman - "Hello, Dolly!" 1966 Paul Francis Webster & Johnny Mandel - "The Shadow of Your Smile" 1967 John Lennon & Paul McCartney - "Michelle" 1968 Jimmy Webb - "Up, Up, and Away" 1969 Bobby Russell - "Little Green Apples" Complete list (1960s) (1970s) (1980s) (1990s) (2000s) (2010s)

v t e Grammy Award for Album of the Year (1959–1969) Year Album Artist(s) Producer(s)* 1959 The Music from Peter Gunn Henry Mancini 1960 Come Dance with Me! Frank Sinatra 1961 The Button-Down Mind of Bob Newhart Bob Newhart 1962 Judy at Carnegie Hall Judy Garland 1963 The First Family Vaughn Meader 1964 The Barbra Streisand Album Barbra Streisand 1965 Getz/Gilberto Stan Getz, João Gilberto 1966 September of My Years Frank Sinatra Sonny Burke 1967 A Man and His Music Frank Sinatra Sonny Burke 1968 Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band The Beatles (George Harrison, John Lennon, Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr) George Martin 1969 By the Time I Get to Phoenix Glen Campbell Al De Lory Complete list (1960s) (1970s) (1980s) (1990s) (2000s) (2010s) *Engineers/Mixers hidden unless notable

v t e Laureates of the Polar Music Prize 1992–1999 Paul McCartney / the Baltic states (1992) Dizzy Gillespie / Witold Lutosławski (1993) Quincy Jones / Nikolaus Harnoncourt (1994) Elton John / Mstislav Rostropovich (1995) Joni Mitchell / Pierre Boulez (1996) Bruce Springsteen / Eric Ericson (1997) Ray Charles / Ravi Shankar (1998) Stevie Wonder / Iannis Xenakis (1999) 2000–2009 Bob Dylan / Isaac Stern (2000) Burt Bacharach / Robert Moog / Karlheinz Stockhausen (2001) Miriam Makeba / Sofia Gubaidulina (2002) Keith Jarrett (2003) B.B. King / György Ligeti (2004) Gilberto Gil / Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau (2005) Led Zeppelin / Valery Gergiev (2006) Sonny Rollins / Steve Reich (2007) Pink Floyd / Renée Fleming (2008) Peter Gabriel / José Antonio Abreu / El Sistema (2009) 2010–present Björk / Ennio Morricone (2010) Kronos Quartet / Patti Smith (2011) Paul Simon / Yo-Yo Ma (2012)

v t e Kennedy Center Honorees (2010s) 2010 Merle Haggard Jerry Herman Bill T. Jones Paul McCartney Oprah Winfrey 2011 Barbara Cook Neil Diamond Yo-Yo Ma Sonny Rollins Meryl Streep 2012 Buddy Guy Dustin Hoffman David Letterman Led Zeppelin Natalia Makarova complete list 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s

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Authority control VIAF: 100252012 PND: 118575708 LCCN: n50012135 WorldCat

Persondata Name McCartney, Paul Alternative names Sir James Paul McCartney Short description English rock musician Date of birth 18 June 1942 Place of birth Liverpool, UK Date of death Place of death